老年人療癒性休閒之身體活動在健康促進的運用

近年來臺灣人口老化加劇，除老年人身心健康之問題外，其影響亦及於家庭與社會。為了免於當今「後端」醫療照護措施之龐大壓力，應著重於讓長者擁有並保持良好身心健康狀況之「前端」措施，使生活中達到「成功老化」的目標，亦為當今所應共同追求之「治本」措施。本文蒐集並彙整相關研究，目的在探討療癒性休閒之身體活動的本質，提出老年人療癒性休閒之身體活動的內涵與活動實施原則，以提供療癒休閒領域之實務與研究面之參考。首先針對療癒性休閒之身體活動的本質進行論述，進而應用在老年族群對從事療癒性休閒之身體活動的核心價值與內涵。透過所討論之理論發展出適宜老年人療癒性休閒之身體活動中應有的準則。經由文獻探討所得結語：療癒性休閒首重休閒，老年人療癒性休閒之身體活動內含趣味、多元感官刺激、非固定性的安排與團體互動⋯⋯等元素。身體活動設計的原則包含強度、型式、過去經驗、動作之可替代性、安全與自主選擇。本文提供療癒性休閒之身體活動實務與研究面的參考與應用，期望療癒性休閒之身體活動能確實且廣泛運用在老年健康促進場域，充分發揮其效能，有助於減輕當今家庭、社會與國家面臨人口老化的問題與壓力。

關鍵字

前端；醫療照護；治本；成功老化

並列摘要

The overall demographic trend in Taiwan has seen a dramatic increase in the proportion of citizens who are elderly, and accompanying physical and mental health problems have increased economic stress on families and society as a whole. To achieve the goal of ＂successful aging＂ in life, we should focus on ＂front-end＂ precautionary measures that assist the elderly in maintaining good physical and mental health. This so-called ＂solving the problem at root＂ scheme helps us avoid the pressure of the current ＂back-end＂ medical healthcare measures. This article reviews the relevant literature to investigate the essence of therapeutic recreation. Its goal is to provide a reference for practice and academic research in the field of therapeutic recreation by outlining the implications of implementing principles of physical activity for the elderly. First, it discusses the essence of physical activity in therapeutic recreation for the elderly, leading into its core values and implications. Then it develops appropriate guidelines of physical activity in therapeutic recreation for the elderly based on the developed theory. We conclude that therapeutic recreation emphasizes ＂recreation.＂ Notable features include enjoyment, multisensory stimulation, unstable arrangements, and group interaction. Design principles for physical activities include intensity, type, experience, safety, freedom of choice, and alternatives among actions or movements. These comprehensive principles and practices for health-enhancement of the elderly through physical activity in therapeutic recreation may aid in eliminating the financial pressures and solving the aging problem for families, the society and the country.

並列關鍵字

front-end ； medical healthcare ； solving the problem at root ； successful aging

參考文獻

方怡堯、張少熙、何信弘(2015)。多元性運動訓練對社區高齡者功能性體適能之影響。體育學報。48(1)，59-72。

內政部統計處（2018）。107 年第6 週內政統計通報（我國老化指數持續上升，106 年底達105.7）。資料引自https://www.moi.gov.tw/chi/chi_site/stat/news_detail.aspx?sn=13448[Department of Statistics, Ministry of the Interior. (2018).Internal statistics report for week 6 of the 2018 (Aging index is continuously rising in Taiwan and will be 105.7 in the end of 2017). Retrieved from https://www.moi.gov.tw/chi/chi_site/stat/news_detail.aspx?sn=13448]