The purposes of this research were to explore the differences and relationship among career barriers, career self-efficacy and career development of the academically gifted students in high schools in terms of gender, educational stage and categories of giftedness. The data were collected from a questionnaire survey of 485 academically gifted students in high schools. The main findings of this research were as follows: Career development, career self-efficacy and career barriers of academically gifted students varied significantly in terms of gender, educational stage and categories of giftedness. There existed a significantly positive correlation between career development and career self-efficacy, a significantly negative correlation between career self-efficacy and career barriers and a significantly negative correlation between career development and career barriers. Career self-efficacy had a partial mediation effect on the relationship between career barriers and career development. Suggestions for future studies and gifted education were discussed.