大一學生健康行為現況及其相關因素之研究－以北部某大學學生為例

Related Factors of Health Behavior in University Students

劉美媛(Meei-Yuan Liou) ； 呂昌明(Chang-Ming Lu)

《學校衛生》 48期 (2006/06) Pp. 19-37

https://doi.org/10.30026/CJSH.200606.0002

摘要

本研究的主要目的為：一、了解大一學生健康行為之現況，二、了解大一學生的健康概念，三、探討大一學生健康行為的預測因子。以北部某大學全體大一學生為研究的目標族群，以上軍護課程的班級為單位，採取隨機集束抽樣方法，抽取具代表性的樣本。總共抽樣1080人，有效問卷936份，有效回收率為86.7%。
研究結果發現：受測者之健康概念是整體、多元面向且較正向性的，以「調適性健康概念」得分最高，其次是「安寧幸福性健康概念」、「角色功能健康概念」，而以「臨床性健康概念」得分最低。對於健康行為之現況以「沒有菸、酒、藥物使用」得分最高，其次依序是「事故傷害」、「飲食行為」，而以「身體活動」的得分最低。影響健康行為之重要因素有：健康概念越正向、學期成績越佳、家庭社經地位越高、與父母同住、自覺健康狀況為佳者，越有正向的健康行為。健康行為與校園內之健康資源利用之「相關書面資料」、「相關網路資源」與「健康體能評估服務」等三項有顯著關係。健康行為之預測因子為「安適性」健康概念、學期成績、家庭社經地位與自覺健康狀況等變項，共可解釋健康行為總變異量的11.8%。
本研究結果有助於深入了解大一學生所面臨的健康問題，提供護理教學與衛生保健的方向，作為國內大學生健康資料建立的基礎，以及教育單位及衛生單位推行學校衛生的參考。

關鍵字

健康概念 ； 健康行為

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to search for the health concepts and health behaviors of freshmen in a northern university, and to explore the relations among health concepts and health behaviors. A random clustered sample of 936 freshmen was collected with a response rate of 86.7%.
The results showed that: The health concepts of the sample are multiple and positive, the score of the ”eudaimonistic health concept” is the highest, followed by the ”adaptive health concept”, the ”role performance health concept”, and the ”clinical health concept” is the lowest one. Among the health behaviors of the sample, the score of the ”no tobacco, alcohol and other drug use” is the highest, followed by the ”unintentional and intentional injuries”, the ”dietary behaviors”, and the ”physical activity” is the lowest one. Factors significantly associated with health behaviors include health concepts, academic performance, social economic status, living with parents, perceived health status and health resource utilization. The health behaviors and health resource utilization (references, internet resources, physical fitness evaluation) were significantly related. Defining health as wellness (adaptability, role performance, and eudaimonistic well-being), academic performance, social economic status, and perceived health status are the significant predictors and contribute 11.8% variance to health behaviors.
The results of this study serve as an important reference for teaching, future research and policy-making for health education. In addition, this study helps to set up a database and to enhance the quality of health education at universities and colleges.

並列關鍵字

health concept ； health behavior

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