臺北市高中生身體意象、自尊及其憂鬱之相關研究

The Relationships between Body Image, self-esteem and Depression among High School Students in Taipei City

紀櫻珍(Ying-Chen Chi) ； 吳振龍(Chen-Long Wu) ； 洪嘉蔚(Chia-Wei Hung) ； 吳維峰(Wei-Fong Wu) ； 陳怡樺(Yi-Hua Chen) ； 邱弘毅(Hung-Yi Chiou)

《學校衛生》 57期 (2010/12) Pp. 41-66

https://doi.org/10.30026/CJSH.201012.0003

摘要

本研究旨在探討臺北市高中一年級學生身體意象、自尊及憂鬱間之相關因素，採橫斷式調查研究法，以就讀臺北市立高中一年級學生為母群體，進行多階段分層集束隨機抽樣，有效樣本為1,090人。本研究之重要結果如下：
（一）研究對象社會人口學方面，男性多於女性；學業不滿意者居多；父母親同住者佔多數；父親教育程度以大專、研究所畢業者佔大半；母親教育程度則以高中、職畢業者佔多數；BMI值正常者佔大多數；身體意象對自己外表中立者佔多數。
（二）研究對象中之男生及BMI值愈低者，其身體意象較佳，而學業滿意度較低者，身體意象中立意見為多數。學業滿意者，有較高的自尊。而男生、學業滿意者及父母親同住者，較無憂鬱情緒。
（三）在預測憂鬱方面，以父母親同住及自尊為最主要的預測因子，且以自尊對憂鬱的影響最大。根據研究結果，本研究建議加強正向的身體意象、自尊及校園輔導網絡的建立，以強化於青少年心理健康，後續研究宜納入質性方法，進行介入性研究，以預防青少年憂鬱症的發生，作為未來相關研究之參考。

關鍵字

高中生 ； 身體意象 ； 自尊 ； 憂鬱

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between body image, self-esteem and level of depression among adolescent high school students from Taipei city. Using staged stratified random sampling, we selected six high schools from six Taipei districts. In total, 1,090 students from 84 classes provided valid samples via a self-administered questionnaire. The major findings were as follows:
1. In terms of the subjects' demographic variables, there were more males than females and the majority of students were unsatisfied with their academic performance. Most parents were married and lived together and the father's education level was higher than college level in most cases. In contrast, the mother's education level in the majority of cases was higher than high school level. Finally, most students indicated that they had a fair body image.
2. A good body image was found to be associated with male subjects and students who were low BMI score, a fair body image was found to be associated with students who were unsatisfied with their academic performance. Among students with higher self-esteem, this was found to be associated with being satisfied with their academic performance. Among the students without depression tendency was found to be associated with being satisfied with their academic performance and their parents whom lived together.
3. In terms of predictors, depression among these adolescents, parents not lived together and self-esteem are the main indications, especially the self-esteem.
This study suggest that enhancing the positive aspects of body image and self-esteem by education as part of the school health education network would be helpful as a method of strengthening adolescent psychological health. In addition, a qualitative intervention study as a research tool that would be able to explore how to prevent adolescents' depression might also be useful.

並列關鍵字

high school students ； body image ； self-esteem ； depression

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