學齡前托兒中心教保人員營養行為及其影響因素之探討

Nutrition Practice of the Caregivers in Daycare Centers

林佳蓉(Jia Rong Lin) ； 謝秀幸(Hsiu Hsing Hsieh) ； 陳師瑩(Shin Ying Chen)

《醫護科技學刊》 3卷2期 (2001/04) Pp. 187-199

https://doi.org/10.6563/TJHS.2001.3(2).5

摘要

本研究採多步驟隨機抽樣方式，從台灣地區抽取1500 名教保人員為研究對象，進行問卷調查，以探討教保人員的營養行為及其影響因素。研究結果發現，教保人員的營養行為中，最正向的是幼兒飲食指導行為，其他依序為：膳食設計行為、個人飲食行為、營養衛教行為。年齡、畢業科系、職位、有施行營養指導、在校期間曾參加營養相關課程、團體膳食知識、對幼兒營養的態度、對營養知識的態度都是教保人員營養行為的重要影響因素，其中幼保（教）科系畢業及助理教師的營養行為表現較差。
進一步將營養行為分類為教保人員個人飲食行為、膳食設計行為、營養衛教行為及幼兒飲食指導行為，發現年齡愈大，教保人員個人飲食行為、幼兒飲食指導行為表現愈佳；服務學校所在地區位省一級者膳食設計行為較差，於偏遠地區服務、私立托兒中心者營養衛教行為較差；大學畢業者膳食設計行為較佳，但幼保（教）科系畢業、助理教師的個人飲食行為表現較差；負責設計餐點者幼兒飲食指導行為較正向。曾施行營養指導及曾參加過營養課程均是營養行為的影響因素。營養知識、態度愈佳的教保人員，部分營養行為愈趨正向。

關鍵字

托兒中心 ； 教保人員 ； 營養行為

並列摘要

This investigation presents multiple random samples. As a result, 1500 caregivers in Taiwan have been selected as subjects. The investigators provided samples with a questionnaire to study the caregivers' nutritional behavior and its causes. The study discovered that the healthiest nutritional performance occurs when caregivers give instructions on eating behavior to preschoolers. The next best results are caregivers' meal design, caregivers' personal eating behavior and caregivers' practice of supervising and offering nutrition knowledge. Factors which influence caregivers' nutritional behavior are their ages, their majors, their positions, whether they offer nutrition instruction, whether they took nutrition courses during college, knowledge of group meal, their attitude toward preschoolers' nutrition and their attitude toward nutrition knowledge. Caregivers who majored in childhood education and those who are assistant teachers achieved low scores in nutrition behavior.
In this investigation, nutrition practice was grouped into four categories: the caregiver's personal eating practice, supervising and offering nutrition knowledge, instructing preschoolers in eating behavior, and meal design. The result demonstrated that caregivers who are older exhibit healthier performance in personal eating behavior and offer more effective instruction to preschoolers on nutrition. Those who graduated from college design more nutritional meals. However, caregivers in schools located in a primary area are poor in meal design. Caregivers in schools located in remote areas or in a private school have poor performance in supervising and offering nutrition knowledge. Caregivers who majored in childhood education and those who are assistant teachers are poor in personal eating behavior. Caregivers who managed meal design offer healthier nutrition instruction. Caregivers who attended nutrition courses in school achieve higher points in nutrition practice. Enhanced nutrition knowledge improves nutrition practice. Those who are positive toward preschooler nutrition exhibit healthier nutrition behavior.

並列關鍵字

daycare center ； caregiver ； nutrition practice