從反一黨專政到兩黨「合作」：中國青年黨與中國國民黨（1928-1935）

From against One Party Dictatorship to Cooperation: On the Relationship between the Chinese Youth Party and Kuomintang during 1928-1935

邱炳翰(Ping-Han Chiu)

《政大史粹》 21期 (2011/12) Pp. 63-95

https://doi.org/10.30384/CHNCCU.201112_(21).0003

摘要

中國青年黨以國家主義為號召，標榜國家利益至上，反對共產主義，是主張實行全民政治、民主憲政之政黨。國民革命軍北伐成功後，國民黨基於孫中山遺教，實施訓政，其他黨派被視為非法組織。青年黨為反其一黨專政，遂公開其黨名為中國青年黨，與國民黨關係日益劍拔弩張。1931年九一八事變爆發，本著國難當前，青年黨提出「政黨休戰，共赴國難」之主張，然國民黨的壓迫有增無減，黨員紛遭逮捕或脫黨；復又黨內人事糾紛等因素，致使青年黨面臨「救國」、「革命」孰先孰後的兩難。《塘沽協定》簽定後，國民政府得以專注於剿共，本著國、青皆是「反共」立場，國青關係日漸緩和；同時左舜生亦在黨內發起臨時全國代表大會，俾使青年黨領導中心回歸曾琦、左舜生、李璜三人，因而奠定兩黨「合作」之基礎。在訓政、抗日、剿共等因素影響下，國青從「對立」走向「合作」，其中緣由頗耐人尋味。本文擬就此一課題，參酌青年黨領袖回憶錄、書信，《蔣中正總統檔案》，探討青年黨在國民黨一黨專政以及日本侵逼、國難當前之間，如何抉擇其生存之道！

關鍵字

中國青年黨 ； 國民黨 ； 國家主義 ； 一黨專政 ； 剿共

並列摘要

The Chinese youth Party (CYP) take the Nationalism as the summons, flaunted the national interest is supreme, opposed the communism, advocated implements the democracy, the democratic constitutionalism. After the National Revolutionary Army Northern Expedition succeeds, Kuomintang based on the Sun Yat-Sen legacy of teachings, implements ”the political tutelage,” other parties and groups regard as the illegal organization. Due to against ”the political tutelage,” the CYP announced public activity in China, however, in 1931, 918 emergencies erupted. In the national disaster, the CYP proposed ”the political party armistice, and saved the nation” the position, however, Kuomintang's oppression increased steadily, many the CYP of members suffered the arrest or leaved the CYP. Due to the inner-party member affairs disputed, the CYP faced with ”saved the nation,” ”the revolution” which should come first being in a dilemma. After ”the Tangku Agreement” evaluates, the national government can concentrate in suppress the Communists. Because Kuomintang and the CYP were the party of opposed the communism, the relationship was transition from against to cooperation. The Chinese Youth Party's chief Zuo, Shun Shen convened temporary in the party the national people's congress, so that the CYP of inner-power return to Zeng Qi, Zuo Shun Sheng, and Li Huang. Kuomintang and the CYP were the ”cooperation” in 1935.In the political tutelage, Sino-Japanese, suppress the Communists under the factor influences, On the Relationship between the Chinese Youth Party and Kuomintang was from ”the opposition” facing ”the cooperation”. This article reference were the Chinese Youth Party's books, the chief's Memoirs, diary, letters and ”The President Chiang Kai-Shek File”, discusses the Chinese Youth Party invades in the Kuomintang one party dictatorship as well as Japan compels, between the national disaster present, how chooses road of its survival!

並列關鍵字

The Chinese Youth Party ； Kuomintang ； Nationalism ； one party dictatorship ； suppress the Communists

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