跑步機對發展障礙兒童的治療效果－初步研究

Effectiveness of Treadmill Training on Gross Motor Abilities for Children with Developmental Disability: Preliminary Study

甘蜀美(Sue-Mae Gan) ； 廖華芳(Hua-Fang Liao)

《物理治療》 31卷3期 (2006/06) Pp. 191-197

摘要

目的：探討一般跑步機訓練對發展障礙兒童粗動作功能及行走能力的效果。方法：研究設計為單一受試者A-B-A研究。使用方便取樣，選取5位年齡於4至6歲之發展障礙兒童，其中1位兒童可功能性行走，3位為居家型行走，1位為運動型行走。實驗流程分為基準期（l個月）、治療期（2劉固月）及追蹤期（1個月），研究期間，除治療期加跑步機訓練外，其他訓練計畫維持不變。兒童共接受5次評估，包含：粗動作功能評量及步態空間參數。治療期每位兒童接受每週2-3次、每次15-20分鐘跑步機訓練。結果：在基礎期間各參數並未有顯著變化，治療期間粗動作功能評量總分進步6.1-10.2%，非移位領域及目標領域分數分別增加2.7-14%及6.7-16.3%，動作能力較好的個案訓練前後在目標領域有較大的差異。行走速度增加4.9-42.4公分／秒，但步頻表現變化並不穩定。部份兒童於追蹤期之評估參數略低於治療期，但無顯著差別。討論：一般跑步機訓練能增進發展障礙兒童粗動作功能及行走速度，值得臨床使用；但本研究個案數太少及異質性太高，確實療效有待進一步釐清。

關鍵字

發展障礙兒童 ； 粗動作 ； 跑步機訓練

並列摘要

Purpose: To investigate the effect of treadmill training on the gross motor function and walking ability for children with developmental disability. Method: A convenient sample of 5 children with developmental disability was recruited. Their walking abilities grading were: (1) community ambulation (n=1); (2) household ambulation (n=3) and (3) exercise ambulation (n=1). This study was a single subject A-B-A design, with 1-month baseline phase, 2.5-month treatment phase, and 1-month follow up phase. Each subject received measurements 5 times, 2 in baseline, 2 in treatment, and 1 in follow-up phases. The measurements included the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) and gait speed test. During this period, the regular treatment programs were remained unchanged. The subject received treadmill training 2-3 sessions per week and 15-20 minutes per session in treatment phase besides the regular treatment. Results: The GMFM scores and walking ability showed no obvious change during the baseline phase. During treatment phase, there were 6.1-10.2% improvements in the GMFM total scores, 6.7-16.3% improvement in the GMFM goal area. The walking speeds also showed improvements after treadmill training. Slight decreased of GMFM and walking speed was found in subjects during follow-up, but the scores were still higher than baseline. Conclusion: In this study the treadmill training could improve the motor function and walking ability for children with developmental disabilities. Future study is needed to recruit more subjects with different types of developmental disabilities to confirm the effects of treadmill training program.

並列關鍵字

Developmental disability ； Gross motor function ； Treadmill training