國家級運動員運動傷害防護自我勝任能力

The Self-Efficacy of Sports Injury Prevention for the National Athletes

陳勝凱(Shen-Kai Chen) ； 呂衍謀(Yen-Mou Lu) ； 林燕君(Yen-Chun Lin) ； 吳汶蘭(Wen-Lan Wu) ； 呂怡靜(Yi-Jing Lue)

《物理治療》 33卷4期 (2008/08) Pp. 219-227

摘要

背景與目的：傑出運動選手表現除了受體能與技術影響外，與運動員對運動傷害防護自我勝任能力關係密切。本研究目的探討國家級運動員自身運動傷害的防護自我勝任能力。研究方法：以不同階段進駐「左營國家運動選手訓練中心」的運動員為對象，以自填問卷方式瞭解自身運動傷害防護知識的認知、運動傷害防護自我勝任能力，以及運動傷害受傷的原因。結果：共15項運動項目，393位（男56%、女44%）運動員參與研究，平均年齡20.9±3.3歲。運動傷害防護知識達普通(68.4%)、充足(14.1%)和非常充足者(3.7%)者共佔86.2%。然而防護自我勝任能力方面欠缺行動力，導致運動傷害防護自我勝任能力積分合格的選手卻下降至70.0%。運動傷害防護自我勝任能力積分與年齡、年資及教育程度成正相關。回答受傷原因不是過度使用與不是缺乏防護教育者，有較高的運動傷害防護知識認知分數（p值介於0.002-0.03）；然而回答受傷原因是過度使用、是身體狀況不佳與不是注意力不集中者有較高的防護自我勝任能力分數總分（p值介於0.004-0.01）。結論：國家級運動員自我對運動傷害防護知識認知有自信，但其防護自我勝任能力較不足。運動員回答主要受傷原因不同，在運動傷害防護知識的認知得分與運動傷害防護自我勝任能力得分表現也不同。

關鍵字

運動傷害 ； 防護自我勝任能力 ； 國家級運動員

並列摘要

Background and purposes: The performance of elite athletes depends on the physical condition and skill levels, and also on the knowledge of injury prevention. The aim of this study was to survey self-efficacy of elite athletes in recognizing the injury prevention. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated the elite athletes of 15 different sports from the Tsoying National Sport Training Center. A questionnaire survey was delivered to these athletes to assess the perceived ability of recognizing the injury prevention, the attitude of prevention behavior and if they knew the causes of the previous injury. Results: A total of 393 athletes (56% male and 44% female) were recruited in this study. The mean age was 20.9±3.3 years old. This investigation found that 86.2% of the elite athletes claimed that they have medium, sufficient, to very sufficient knowledge of sports injury prevention. However, only 70% of the participants passed the cut-off point of injury prevention score. The injury prevention score was positively correlated with age, years of sports experience, and level of education. Those who were not injured because of overuse or lack of education in protection has significantly higher self-recognition knowledge of sports injury prevention ability. (p value: 0.002-0.03). However, those answers such as due to over use, poor physical condition, and not poor concentration had significantly higher self-efficacy of prevention behavior (p value: 0.004-0.01). Conclusion: Most of the elite athletes were confident in knowledge of prevention of sports injury though with insufficient action taken. Different causes of previous injury seem to have different confident in knowledge of prevention of sports injury and self-efficacy prevention behavior.

並列關鍵字

Sport injury ； Self-efficacy ； Elite atheletes