【論文摘要】Sensorimotor Mechanisms in Auditory and Visual Systems on Sprint Performance in Elite Adolescent Sprinters

【論文摘要】聽覺與視覺感覺運動機制對於青少年菁英短跑選手運動表現的影響

袁淑文(Shiuk-Wen Yen) ； 謝悅齡(Yueh-Ling Hsieh)

《物理治療》 47卷4期 (2022/12) Pp. 282-283

https://doi.org/10.6215/FJPT.202212.O06

摘要

Background and Purpose: Sensorimotor processing including sensory function and audiomotor processing during the start reaction time has a decisive impact on 100-m sprint performance in the elite sprinter. There are few comprehensive assessments of central neural controls in the sports performance of adolescent sprinters. This study aimed to investigate the sensory and sensorimotor function by auditory and visual evoked potentials (AEPs and VEPs) and the audiomotor reaction time (ART) during a start in elite adolescent sprinters. Methods: Twenty-nine adolescent sprinters (13 female, 16 male, 14.59 ± 1.07 years old) were divided into the elite (n = 14) and sub-elite (n = 15) sprinters according to their performance achievement in competitions. Electrophysiological studies including the short-latency, mid-latency, and long-latency AEPs, pattern reversal VEP, and ART of muscles in extremities during a sprint start were recorded in both groups. Peak latencies of each AEP and VEP, as well as the premotor time (PMT) and motor time (MT) of ART, were analyzed. Results: The P3 latencies of long-latency AEP in the elite group were shorter compared with those in the sub-elite group (p ＜ 0.05, d = 1.11). There were no significant differences in peak latencies of short- and mid-latency AEPs between the two groups (p ＞ 0.05). There were no significant differences in peak latencies of pattern reversal VEP between the two groups (p ＞ 0.05). The PMT in extremity muscles of elite female sprinters was shorter than those of sub-elite sprinters (upper extremity: p ＜ 0.05, d = 1.53, lower extremity: p ＜ 0.05, d = 2.81). But there were no significant differences in MT between the two groups (p ＞ 0.05). Conclusion: There were significant differences found between elite and sub-elite sprinters in sensory and sensorimotor function. The results indicate sensorimotor mechanisms may be possible factors related to sprint performance in the adolescent sprinter. Clinical Relevance: Sensorimotor training can be considered as a training strategy to promote adolescent sprint performances.