大專網球選手運動動機與運動員身心倦怠之相關研究

Correlation between Sport Motivation and Athlete Burnout among Intercollegiate Tennis Players

夏淑蓉(Luca S. J. Hsia) ； 盧俊宏(Frank J. H. Lu)

《大專體育學刊》 4卷1期 (2002/07) Pp. 145-156

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.200207_4(1).0013

摘要

本研究的目的有三：（一）探討不同性別、每日訓練時數、運動水準及運動年齡在運動動機上的差異；（二）探討不同性別、每日訓練時數、運動水準及運動年齡在運動員身心倦怠上的差異：（三）探討運動動機與運動員身心倦怠的關係。受試對象為大專網球選手192名，平均年齡21±2.98歲，施測以「運動動機量表」及「運動員身心倦怠量表」。原始資料以獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析及皮爾遜積差相關後發現：1、男子選手的內在動機及外在動機均高於女子選手；乙組選手的內在動機高於甲組選手；甲組選手的無動機高於乙組選手；運動年齡越長，其無動機越高。2、每日訓練時數越長者，其整體性運動員身心倦怠程度越高；甲組選手整體性運動員身心倦怠程度高於乙組選手。3、內在動機及外在動機均與運動員身心倦怠分量表「個人運動表現知覺」成正相關，與其他運動員身心倦怠分量表成負相關；無動機與運動員身心倦怠分量表「個人運動表現知覺」成負相關，與其他運動員身心倦怠分量表成正相關。本研究建議教練應在休息時間及訓練計畫設計上多做考量，並適時增進選手運動動機來預防身心倦怠的發生。

關鍵字

運動動機 ； 運動員身心倦怠

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were: (1) to compare the differences of sport motivation among different gender, daily training hours, players' level and years of sport experience, (2) to compare the degree of athlete burnout among different gender, daily training hours, players' level and years of sport experience, and (3) to examine the relationship between sport motivation and athlete burnout. This study sampled 192 intercollegiate tennis players with mean age of 21±2.98 and participants were asked to complete Sport Motivation Scale and Eades Athlete Burnout Inventory. T-test and independent measure ANOVA were used for the statistical analyses. The results were as follows: (1) for male players, they were both higher in intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation than female players; low level players were higher in intrinsic motivation but were lower in amotivation than high level players; it was also found that subjects had the longer years of sport experience, the higher amotivation, (2) the longer daily training hours, the higher the athlete burnout level they had experienced; high level players experienced higher burnout level than low level players, and (3)Both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation were positively correlated with ”perception of athletic performance” of burnout subscales, but negatively correlated with other burnout subscales. This study suggested that tennis coaches should be aware of the programming of training and break ration, so to promote tennis players' sport motivation and prevent them athlete burnout.

並列關鍵字

sport motivation ； athlete burnout

參考文獻

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