男子競技體操優勢策略致勝規律研究：吊環項目難、美優先順序規律對競賽成績影響差異分析

A Study of Wining Strategy in Men's Elite Competitive Artistic Gymnastics: The Effects of Different Start Scores and Deduction Scores in Priority Law on the Performance during Rings Competition I

陳嘉遠(Jia-Yean Chen) ； 張至滿(Chih-Man Chang)

《大專體育學刊》 7卷2期 (2005/06) Pp. 169-185

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.200506_7(2).0014

摘要

本研究目的在應用競賽優勢理論，透過統計分析方法，探討在2003年韓國大邱世界大學運動會體操錦標賽，瞭解24國87位男子選手於吊環項目，其致勝因素：「難、新、穩、美」等對競賽之演出成績影響差異；具體目的在於了解裁判員評定87位選手成績之：一、理解在資格競賽中評分因素之難度、特殊要求與加分對起評分影響優先順序。二、理解在資格競賽中評分因素之下法穩定程度減分、動作技術與姿勢減分對實施減分影響優先順序。三、中華隊在難、美、穩、新致勝之因素的本質聯繫關係之競賽效益。經以推論統計之多元逐步迴歸統計分析等方法，其結果顯示如下：一、三項自變數之解釋力，加分(.83)大於難度(.18)大於特殊要求(.15)。兩項自變數之解釋力，加分(.88)大於難度(.23)。一項加分(.95)對起評分具有相當高之解釋力。二、兩項自變數之解釋力，姿勢技術減分(.52)大於下法穩定程度減分(.24)，一項自變數之解釋力，姿勢技術減分(.69)，具有高之解釋力。三、中華台北隊在難、美、穩、新致勝之因素的本質聯繫關係之競賽效益，獲致結論如下：對加分高難度動作之單獨與連接動作應再提升，甚至應有創新之動作，要有超越掌握先機之能力方能迎頭趕上，因學習模仿總是在後頭跟隨（新）。最需要加強的是姿勢與技術之演出如何達成優雅（美）、穩定（穩）與雄大（難）之體操三大特性。中華隊之下法動作應作突破加強提升難度至少為D難度動作。

關鍵字

競技體操 ； 吊環項目 ； 起評分 ； 實施減分 ； 加分 ； 最後得分

並列摘要

The main purposes of the study were to investigate the effects of 1) degree of difficulty, special requirement, and bonus points on start values, and 2)dismount stability and execution error of skill and posture on deduction scores in Men's Rings competition I. The secondary purpose was to examine the competitive effectiveness of the judged scores in terms of degree of difficulty, execution error of skill and posture on deduction scores, stability, and creativity of Team Chinese Taipei. The subjects were 87 athletes from 24 nations in Men's Rings Competition I competed in the 2003 World University Games, which was held in Taegu, Korea. Step-wide regression analyses revealed the results that follow: 1) the bonus scores weighted .83, whereas degree of difficulty and special requirement weighted .18 and .15 respectively in these three independent variables. Bonus points and degree of difficulty weighted .88 and .23 respectively in two independent variables equation. Bonus points weighted .95 of start scores in one independent variables equation. 2) execution error of skill and posture on deduction scores and dismount stability weighted .52 and .24 of deduction scores respectively in two independent variables equation. execution error of skill and posture on deduction scores weighted .69 of deduction scores in one independent variables equation. 3)in order to elevate the competitive effectiveness, Team Chinese Taipei should improve the followings. Creativity of the single and serial movements in rings event need to be developed in order to put up to the bonus points; the execution error of skill and posture on deduction scores, stability, an difficulty need to be emphasized through out the competition; the dismount difficulty need to be elevated to the D level.

並列關鍵字

competitive gymnastics ； rings start ； values ； deduction scores ； bonus points ； final scores

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