大專運動員之體型與胰島素敏感度特性

胰島素敏感度的上升可促進醣類的吸收以及儲存，而醣類是運動中消耗最多的能源。運動訓練可改善代謝能力與胰島素敏感度，但是精英運動員的胰島素敏感度特性還不是很清楚。本研究目的以橫斷面研究比較臺灣大專運動員與非運動員胰島素敏感度與代謝指標的特性，並推測其關連性。本研究招募817名大專運動員與524名非運動員為受試對象，測量身高、體重、BIA體脂肪率及計算身體質量指數(BMI)，並檢測血糖、血清胰島素、HOMA值、糖化血色素以及膽固醇數值。本研究結果：運動員的體重、身體質量指數與BIA脂肪率均顯著的高於非運動員；運動員的空腹胰島素以及HOMA都顯著的高於非運動員。另以皮爾遜積差相關以及偏相關探討與胰島素相關的因子，無論有沒有經過性別與年齡的校正，運動員或非運動員的肥胖指標（體重、身體質量指數與脂肪率）都與胰島素敏感度指標（胰島素、HOMA）呈顯著正相關。本研究發現大專運動員的胰島素敏感度較低的最可能原因為運動員具有較高的身體脂肪百分比，運動訓練雖然可以促進血糖吸收能力與胰島素敏感度，但是大專運動員仍應該注意體重以及身體組成對於胰島素敏感度的影響。

關鍵字

身體質量指數；胰島素阻抗；空腹血糖；血清胰島素

並列摘要

Body composition is a crucial factor for physical wellbeing, and that can influence the insulin sensitivity. The present cross-sectional study was purposed to evaluate the association between body composition and insulin sensitivity in college athletes. 817 college athletes and 524 age-matched non-athletes were participated in this study. Indices of body composition [height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BMA)] and glucose metabolism regulators (fasting glucose, serum insulin, HOMA, HbA1c and cholesterol) were measured for all subjects. We found athletes have higher body weights, BMI and BIA compared to non-athletes. In addition, fasting insulin and HOMA were significantly higher in athletes than that of non-athletes. Pearson product-moment correlation and partial correlation was used to assess whether markers of body composition were associated with insulin sensitivity. Here we found obesity levels (body weight, BMI and fat percentage) are correlated with insulin sensitivity (insulin, HOMA and cholesterol) in both athletes and non-athlete groups before and after adjusting the gender and age. These results demonstrate that the possible reason of lower insulin sensitivity in college athletes maybe due to the high fat percentage. In order to prevent insulin resistance, athletes have to pay more attention to weight management and body composition.

並列關鍵字

body mass index ； insulin resistance ； fasting glucose ； fasting insulin

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