身體活動量變化對於高強度訓練游泳選手胰島素敏感度與身體組成之影響

The Effect of Physical Activity on Insulin Sensitivity and Body Composition in Highly Trained Swimmers

曾國維(Kuo-Wei Tseng) ； 王怡品(Yi-Pin Wang) ； 鄭鴻文(Hung-Wen Cheng)

《物理治療》 33卷4期 (2008/08) Pp. 228-238

摘要

目的：探討游泳選手在季後期階段，身體活動量的改變對於胰島素敏感度及身體組成之影響。方法：比較13名大專游泳選手在接受8週季前期高強度訓練與6個月季後期中低強度訓練對各項代謝指標之影響。量測指標包括身體質量指數、腰圍及腰臀圍比、三頭肌、肩胛骨下緣、腸骨上緣、小腿內側等皮下脂肪厚度，以及葡萄糖耐受度、胰島素濃度、血脂肪濃度，並於實驗過程中填寫飲食紀錄表。所得資料以Mann-Whitney U test分析季前期與季後期各項代謝指標之差異。結果：飲食習慣沒有隨著身體活動量變化而呈現差異；季後期時之腰圍及肩胛骨下緣皮下脂肪厚度顯著高於季前期，但身體質量指數無顯著差異。季後期時的口服葡萄糖耐受度與胰島素敏感度明顯差於季前期，而血脂肪則沒有明顯差異。結論：研究結果顯示運動員在季後期階段，即使接受中低強度的運動訓練，身體活動量的減少仍會造成胰島素敏感度惡化，此外中心體脂肪增加會顯著反映在腰圍與肩胛骨下緣皮下脂肪厚度的增加。

關鍵字

胰島素敏感度 ； 葡萄糖耐受度 ； 身體活動量 ； 體脂肪

並列摘要

Objective: To investigate the effect of 6-month detraining on body composition and glucose tolerance for highly trained swimmers. Design: Longitudinal study of 13 college swimmers who received high intensity training for 2 months and then switched to moderate intensity training for 6 months. Measurements including BMI, waist, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), skin fold (triceps, scapular, iliac superior region, calf), oral glucose tolerance test, insulin response during OGTT, triglyceride, and cholesterol were performed during high and low competition season. Participants filled up Diet history during experiments. All the collected data were then analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test with SPSS 13.0 version. Results: No difference between diets recalled was found under two states. Waist and scapular skin fold were significantly increased when switched to low competition season, while BMI remained unchanged. Insulin response during OGTT was significantly deteriorated under detraining. Conclusion: It is concluded that during the low competition season, even participants continue to receive moderate to low training intensity, partial detraining still significantly resulted in decreased insulin sensitivity with increased body fatness, especially in waist circumference and scapular skinfold.

並列關鍵字

Insulin sensitivity ； Glucose tolerance ； Physical activity ； Body fat