週末籃球聯賽球員團隊氣氛與持續參與之關係：參與動機的中介效果

文獻發現團隊氣氛會影響參與動機，參與動機會影響持續參與，因此推論參與動機在團隊氣氛與持續參與之關係可能具有中介效果。過去尚未有週末籃球聯賽球員的相關研究，本研究目的即探討參與動機的中介效果，並提出中介模型，進行驗證。透過網路問卷，調查週末籃球聯賽球員，共回收有效問卷272份。在量表方面，參考過去的量表編製參與動機、團隊氣氛和持續參與等三份量表初稿。由於此三份量表已有明確的因子，因此，在預試上（N=85），直接採驗證性因素分析，由於樣本數小於100，採用偏最小平方法驗證性因素分析來執行，結果顯示因素負荷量、組合信度、區別效度都符合標準值，表示三份量表的信、效度可接受。此外，在中介模型中，將性別、年齡與婚姻狀況納入控制變量。研究結果顯示：共同方法變異問題不大，模型適切性分析發現測量與結構模型具適切性。進一步分析中介模型中變量之間參與動機、團隊氣氛和持續參與等彼此徑路係數，結果都達顯著，表示三者在模型中彼此具有顯著的正向的關聯。就三條徑路之直接、間接或總效果，計算解釋變異比，據此判斷具有部分中介效果。本研究結論指出參與動機在團隊氣氛和持續參與之間具有中介效果，因此，應先增進週末籃球聯賽球員的團隊氣氛與參與動機。此外，本研究也可作為未來研究的參考架構，再納入或改為其他變量，探討在團隊氣氛和持續參與之關係的中介效果。

關鍵字

運動休閒；中介效果；偏最小平方法結構方程模型

並列摘要

Prior research has established that team climate influences participation motivation, and the latter influences continuous participation. It can be inferred that participation motivation may have a mediating effect on the relationship between team climate and continuous participation. However, this mediating effect has not been examined with respect to weekend basketball league players in Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to explore the mediation effect of participation motivation, and propose a mediation model for verification. A total of 272 valid online questionnaires were collected from weekend basketball league players. Participation motivation, team climate, and continuous participation were measured. Since these three measures have good validity, and the sample size in the pretest (N = 85) was less than 100, the partial least squares method was used to perform confirmatory factor analysis. The results showed that the factor loading, average variance extracted, composite reliability, and discriminant validity are in line with standard values, indicating that the reliability and validity of the three scales are acceptable. Additionally, gender, age, and marital status were included in the mediation model as control variables which affect continuous participation. Results showed that common method variance (CMV) was not a significant problem. The model suitability analysis found that the measurement and structural models were appropriate. Further analysis of the path coefficients among the variables, such as participation motivation, team climate, and continuous participation, showed that the results were all significant, indicating that the three had a significant positive correlation with each other in the mediation model. For the direct, indirect, or total effects of the three paths, the explained variation ratio is calculated, and based on this, it is judged that there is a partial mediating effect. In conclusion, participation motivation has a mediating effect between team climate and continuous participation, so the team climate of the weekend basketball league players' basketball team should be improved first, and then the participation motivation. In addition, this study can also be used as a reference framework for future studies, incorporating or changing other variables to explore the identified mediating effect.

並列關鍵字

sports and leisure ； mediation effect ； partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM)

參考文獻

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