山坡地學校的動線規劃及水土保持措施－以8所學校為例

我國國土山多平原少，山坡地的保育與利用，係所有國人的共同挑戰。本文以大地工程學及山坡地工法等工程原理與技術，分析我國山坡地學校建築工法之應用，包括擋土牆的類型、坡地設計工法、動線規劃與無障礙措施等山坡地學校規劃重點。研究結果顯示，山坡學校建築規劃特色包括：樓梯設計多通道；空橋連通教學區；動線流通功能強；水土保持綠美化等。各校在動線規劃原則包括：出入口位置常設於學校最低處有少數能前後貫通；最大平面多用於運動場或活動空間並能活用零碎校地；實施人車分道能降低學校意外事故發生並增加動線流通順暢性；大樓間電梯設施確保身心障礙人士移動能克服高低落差等。

關鍵字

學校建築規劃；動線規劃；水土保持措施；山坡地；大地工程學

並列摘要

The conservation and utilization of the mountainous plains in Taiwan are the common challenges faced by everyone. This paper analyze the application of construction method on hillside school, by means of geotechnical engineering, mountain slope engineering and other engineering techniques. Including the type of retaining wall, programming of hillside construction, planning of traffic flow and accessible environment such as the planning priorities of hillside school. The results show that the planning features of hillside school including the following: staircase design multi-channel; empty bridge connected teaching area; strong traffic flow function; greening of soil and water conservation. The principles of planning of traffic flow is as follows: the location of the entrance is always located at the lowest point of the school can pass through; the maximum plane for the stadium or space and can use spare space; the implementation of pedestrian and vehicle separation can reduce the occurrence of school accidents and increase the smooth flow of traffic; elevator between buildings to ensure that people with physical and mental disabilities to overcome the high and low drop.