Teacher leadership is an emerging topic of leadership. There have been more and more researches on teacher leadership in the past two decades. Could it really be the third type of leadership, because its different conditions and systems between Taiwan and abord? This article reviews the past ten more years of empirical research and discusses the application and limitations of the current domestic education situation, and discusses the feasible applications and limitations of teacher leadership based on the social-system model for schools. It is expected to be available for field application and follow-up research.