選填大學科系？運用混合權重與多準則決策於軍校科系評選模型及App支援平台建構

在台灣「選填就讀科系」是高中（職）生進大學前的一項重大決策，也是學生對未來期望的展現。過往研究指出個體的選擇行為係取決於本身對其潛在價值的嚮往。故本研究以消費價值理論（theory of consumption values）來建構台灣高中（職）生選填大學科系時的決策評估模型，並以軍校科系選填為例，透過修正式模糊德菲法來篩選決策準則，以混合權重（composite importance）比較校方與高中（職）生在決策準則上的認知差異；接著以逼近理想解排序法（TOPSIS）與妥協解排序法（VIKOR）協助考生計算志願排序，並比較兩種方法的求解差異，最後選取求解效果較佳的方法用於決策支援平台中。本研究主要貢獻在於運用消費價值理論及混合權重的概念來建構一套高中（職）生評選大學科（系）的決策評估模型，並以較資訊封閉的軍事大學為例，設計行動平台「選校決策App」，整合國內七所軍事基礎院校的官方資訊，解決資訊不對稱的實務問題，同時提供有意報考軍校之高中（職）生準則偏好分析與志願選填建議。最後，相關資訊也將提供給校方與國軍招募單位作為招募政策與學校營運的改善參考。

關鍵字

多準則決策；資訊不對稱；修正式模糊德菲法；混合權重

並列摘要

Purpose-The purpose of this study is to construct the decision-making criteria that influence the selection of military universities for high school students from consumption value perspective. Design/methodology/approach-The fuzzy modified Delphi was used to screen out five major facets and nineteen criteria. Then TOPSIS and VIKOR were used to compare the volunteer rankings. Findings-There is no significant difference in the importance of facets and criteria between military school admissions units and high school students. Research limitations/implications-Learning interest, department cognition, and social reputation are the most critical decision criteria for high school students who choose to rank in military schools. Practical implications-Build a decision support App platform of school selection to reduce information asymmetry and improve the bounded rational decision-making processfor high school students. Originality/value-Use the Theory of Consumption Values to construct a decision evaluation model, and use Composite Importance to compare the cognitive differences between school and high school students in decision criteria.