青少女初經生理、心理、社會反應及其相關影響因素

The Biological, Psychological, and Social Responses to Menarche and Related Factors in Female Adolescents

蘇娳敏(Li-Min Su) ； 吳英璋(En-Chang Wu) ； 楊志偉(Chih-Wei Yang)

《台灣性學學刊》 13卷1期 (2007/04) Pp. 51-69

https://doi.org/10.6784/FJS.200704.0051

摘要

本研究目的在於了解青少女初經時的生理、心理及社會反應，以及探討可能影響初經反應的因素如：初經年齡、對月經的主觀心理準備度、自我效能，及母親的管教態度。研究對象為北部某縣市內2所小學、1所中學之10至14歲青少女。在學校協助及青少女知情同意下，以自填式問卷收集資料。問卷包含基本資料、自我效能量表、母親管教態度量表、初經情緒反應量表，以及經期生理不適反應量表。研究對象有176名青少女，平均年齡為12.5歲，初經來潮年齡為11.6歲。有經期生理不適反應者占86%，以肚子痛的症狀最常見。對初經的情緒反應偏向負向，但在告知親友後會得到改善。青少女大多選擇第一個告訴母親。與初經的情緒反應相關的因素有主觀心理準備度與自我效能。與經期生理不適相關的因素有自我效能與母親管教態度。本研究結果可幫助我們對青少女的初經反應有較全面的了解，並將其應用在心理健康與衛生教育上。

關鍵字

青少女 ； 初經 ； 月經 ； 自我效能

並列摘要

The objective of this study was to investigate the biological, psychological, and social responses to menarche of female adolescents. Possible influence and related factors such as menarche age, objective psychological preparation for menstruation, self-efficacy, and mother's caring attitude were also examined. Female adolescents aged 10-14 from one junior high and two primary schools in some city were asked to complete several questionnaires including basic data, self-efficacy scale, mother's caring attitude scale, emotional responses to menarche scale, and menstrual stress scale. 176 female adolescents completed the questionnaires. The mean age was 12.5 year, and age at menarche was 11.6 year. Physical symptoms during menstrual periods were mentioned among 86% of the subjects, and abdominal pain was most frequent. The overall emotional response tends to be negative, but improved after telling others about the situation. Mothers were the most often consulted subjects. Objective psychological preparation to menstruation and self-efficacy were related to psychological responses to menarche. Self-efficacy and mother’s caring attitude were related to biological responses to menarche. The results of this study help us better understand female adolescents’ menarche responses and to have applications to mental and health education courses.

並列關鍵字

female adolescents ； menarche ； menstruation ； self-efficacy

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