Queer-phobic and Cultural Aphasia: Theoretical Discussions about Heterosexual Hegemony Suturing in the Textbook

本文的焦點在於教科書中的知識生產與再生產體系，並且把焦點放在以下的三個問題：什麼樣的主題（像是酷兒相關的議題）是我們鮮少可以在教科書裡面所讀到的？是什麼樣的機制宰制或生產了這樣的結果？是否有可能發展抗拒的策略，像是對酷兒友善的課程或酷兒教科書等，用以對抗抗異性戀霸權體制下的教育信念與生產體系？基於這樣的關切，本文主修正創兩個理論的概念－文化失語與霸權縫合－來分析本文的關切。在結論部分，本文指出文化失語症有兩種不同的類型：其一是避免言說與書寫，最典型的例子是教科書出版商與作者避免審查的問題，所反應出來的寒蟬效應。其二就是每當酷兒議題出現的場合，必然給予負面的扭曲與糾正，主要反應於審查這樣的制度性的權力。因此，我們可以說審查制度扮演著霸權縫合的角色，主要是避免學生讀到、看到或聽到任何文化與道德政治上不正確的東西。最後，本文認為具有批判意識的教育工作者，當面對這樣的壓迫下，勢必需要發展兼具眾聲喧嘩的酷兒教科書，這正是超越文化失語的可能性解放之路。

關鍵字

文化失語；霸權縫合；酷兒；教科書

並列摘要

The focus in this paper is knowledge (re)production in the textbook industry, and particularly this paper focuses on these questions: what topics (like queer-related topics) shouldn’t we or do we seldom read about in textbooks? What kinds of mechanisms dominate or produce this outcome? Is it possible to develop resistance strategies such as queer-friendly curricula and queer textbooks to work against these entrenched systems of educational production and belief? In line with these questions, this paper coins/uses the concepts of cultural aphasia and hegemonic suture to analyze and respond to these concerns. In conclusion, this paper asserts that cultural aphasia has two different types: the first is an avoidance of speaking and writing, which reflects the chilling effects of reinforced discourses between publishers and authors. The second type of cultural aphasia concerns the distortion of queer issues by negative tenns, which are dominated by institutional powers rooted in both censorship and its institutional correlatives: editing, endorsement, and curricular standardizations. In other words, censorship as hegemonic suture is any act intended to keep students from reading, seeing or hearing any materials that some person deems objectionable or morally unsound. Finally, this paper suggests that to develop queer textbooks characterized by heteroglossia may be a possible strategy for going beyond the situation of cultural aphasia.