個人結婚年齡與配偶年齡差距的關係

The Relationship between Individual's Marriage Age and Spouse Age Difference

張榮富(Jung-Fu Chang) ； 唐玉蟬(Yu-Chan Tang)

《教育與社會研究》 19期 (2009/12) Pp. 111-132

https://doi.org/10.6429/FES.200912.0111

摘要

本研究運用內政部2005年「臺閩地區結婚對數按新郎及新娘年齡分」的人口統計資料，首先分析夫妻年齡差距的類別，並分析個人結婚年齡與夫妻實際年齡差距的關係。結果顯示，年齡同質性婚姻仍占多數，夫妻年齡差距在0歲至5歲者占58%。但女高男低比率不少，達13.7%。與國外研究結果類似的是，結婚年齡與夫妻的年齡差距的關係上，男女呈相反趨勢。隨著新郎的結婚年齡增加，夫妻年齡差距明顯增加。反之，隨著新娘的結婚年齡增加，夫妻年齡差距明顯減少。本文認為形成這一現的主要因素有四：(1)擇偶年齡偏好因素。男女年齡偏好隨年齡增加而更偏好年輕異性。(2)所得因素。女性年齡與男性所得的交換式婚配的機率，因結婚年齡而改變。(3)再婚因素。晚婚者有較高比率的再婚男女，再婚男的增加會使夫妻年齡差距擴大；再婚女的增加會使夫妻年齡差距縮。(4)由於男性跨國婚姻者的夫妻年齡差距較大，而晚婚男性中有較高比率娶外籍配偶，故跨國婚姻成了台灣男性結婚年齡與夫妻年齡差距相關的新因素。

關鍵字

夫妻年齡差距 ； 結婚年齡 ； 年齡偏好 ； 再婚 ； 跨國婚姻

並列摘要

This study classify three types of couple's age difference and analyze the relation between individual's marriage age and couple's age difference by using 2005 Taiwanese population data (the marriage number sorting by bride and groom in Taiwan-Fukien area). The result shows that the age monogamy is still the main type of marriage, but there is 13.7% of marriage that wives are older their husband. The results also indicate that when groom's age of marriage increase, the age difference of spouse increase. In contrast, when bride's age of marriage increase, the spouse age difference decrease. Four reasons have been discussed to explain this phenomenon. Firstly, as aging, gender has the difference changing type of age preference in mate selection. Secondly, the exchange type of marriage match between young women's age and elder men's income is often when men's age of marriage increase. Thirdly, the elder men have higher proportion of remarried. Finally, the elder men have more intermarriage and the age difference of spouse is higher than no-intermarriage.

並列關鍵字

mate selection ； age preference ； age of marriage ； intermarriage

參考文獻

內政統計通報

臺閩人口統計年刊

施智婷(2000)。台灣男女薪資趨勢之比較－以民國70、75、80、85年爲例(碩士論文)。國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所。

張榮富(2006)。年齡對擇偶年齡與身高偏好門檻的影響。中華心理學刊。48(3)，1-15。

楊靜利、李大正、陳寬政(2006)。臺灣傳統婚配空間的變化與婚姻行爲之變遷。人口學刊。33，1-32。