論法國行政契約的特點－從我國行政程序法行政契約章的立法設計談起

我國在制定行政程序法行政契約章時，是以德國法為藍本，另在履約相關的條文中引進法國行政契約之法理。立法原意是希望透過法國法理以彌補德國法規定之不足，但是否能達成此一目標，不無疑問。本文聚焦於法國行政契約──相對於德國行政契約而言──在適用之領域以及所追求之目的上的特殊之處，探究其內涵以及其形成原因和發展脈絡，藉此闡明德法兩國行政契約法體系不相為謀、無法相容並濟。本文主張，我國現行法的安排不僅難以達成截長補短的目標，反而有礙融貫體系的形成，徒使我國起步中行政契約法的發展更加複雜化，建議修法將參考法國法理的部分從行政程序法中移除。

關鍵字

行政契約；公法契約；行政程序法；公共服務；行政警察

並列摘要

The drafting of the chapter on administrative contract in Administrative Procedure Act was primarily based on the provisions in German law, and in the part relevant to performance, complemented by rules, principles and doctrines in French law. This original design aimed at borrowing the French law in addressing the inadequacies in the German law. However, there are doubts as to whether such an objective can be achieved. This article discusses the characteristics of French administrative contract - compared with its counterpart in German law -, in the scope of application and the objectives it pursues, so as to probe deeper into the respective contents, origins and evolution trajectories, highlighting the aspects where the two system cannot be compatible and complementary. This article argues that, the hybrid seen in Taiwan's Administrative Procedure Act cannot achieve its original objective in complementation. Not only that, the mixture poses difficulties in the formation of the system of administrative contract law. Worse still, it complicates the development of administrative contract law still in its early stages. In the above light, it is suggested the borrowing from the French law be removed from the relevant parts in the Administrative Procedure Act.