從部門互動看非營利組織捐募的自律與他律規範

Regulation and Self-Regulation of NPO Fund-Raising-A Sector Interaction Point of View

馮燕(Joyce Yen Feng)

《臺大社會工作學刊》 4期 (2001/06) Pp. 203+205-242

https://doi.org/10.6171/ntuswr2001.04.05

摘要

非營利組織（Nonprofit Organizations，簡稱NPOs）構成的志願部門（又稱第三部門），負有公益使命，被視為是一種點化人類的媒介，提供社會變遷，造就脫胎換骨的人類；或是以促成社會上每一個人生活品質的最高水準，為其基本意識型態；是將實現社會公平正義，人與環境間和平共存，當作願景的社會機制。然而，欲執行上述承諾，實現該等願景，並非僅靠志願工作人員的奉獻，運用愛心和熱情即可，非營利組織仍需要有足夠的各種社會資源，才能維持永續運作，達成公益使命。非營利部門經由與其他部門的互動，可以獲得所需資源，也可以實現其公益使命。尤其是與政府部門的互動過程，關係非營利組織部門的建立與發展，因此本文即從非營利部門、政府部門和企業部門的角色功能、互動模式出發，來分析公益捐募的社會意義，及公益捐募的規範與實現公益使命的關聯性，強調促成第三部門向上提昇、健康發展的要件，是在於有強制性機制（他律規範）、規範性機制（自律規範）、和模仿性機制等三個機制的正常運作。因此最後提出針對非營利組織之捐募自律機制實現的可行性，及其與他律規範的關係，進行實證研究的建議。

關鍵字

非營利組織 ； 公益捐募法規 ； 非營利組織自律 ； 部門互動

並列摘要

The major purpose of this paper is to bring up the issue of the strategies of building more regulation or self-regulation to NPO fund-raising activities. The author adopted the viewpoint of sector interaction among the government, business, and NPO should be on an equal base since they all share the same ultimate goals though perform different roles. It starts with the description of each sector's social functions, and their interaction patterns, then followed by the analyses of the social meaning of charitable giving, and the relationship of NPO mission accomplishment and charitable giving by the public at large. The emphases were put on the discussion of why NPO need to build its public accountability, and the cyclic relation of the coercive mechanism (regulation/law), together with the normative mechanism (self-regulation) bring about the mimetic effect of other organization among NPO. Therefore, it goes on to depict the possible contents of the regulation and self-regulation. In the end, the author comes to the conclusion that a more meaningful strategy would be approaching NPO self-regulation through reasonable regulations under the circumstances of Taiwan's concurrent situation.

並列關鍵字

Nonprofit Organization ； charitable fund-raising regulation/law ； NPO self-regulation ； sector interaction