樂府詩中採年齡序列方式之文學意涵－以兩漢魏晉南北朝隋唐作品為考察對象

The Literary Implication of Age Series in Yuen Fu Poetries: An Observation of Poems from Han Dynasty to Tang Dynasty

李昭鴻(Chao-Hung Lee)

《東方人文學誌》 7卷4期 (2008/12) Pp. 91-108

https://doi.org/10.6389/OH.200812.0091

摘要

年齡序列是以數字指稱年齡，按照遞增或遞減的原則，依序排列。此乃樂府詩獨特的敘述現象，溯其源頭，可能得自於《論語‧為政》和《漢書‧東方朔列傳》的啟發。論其成因，則與樂府詩不避俚俗、重敘事性的特點有關。就修辭學而言，屬層遞格；其使用範圍，則多用來介紹詩中某一特定人物的生平事蹟。今所見漢朝至唐代的樂府詩中，採年齡序列方式者有〈陌上桑〉、〈焦仲卿妻〉、〈河中之水歌〉、〈邯鄲宮人怨〉、〈長干行〉、〈簡簡吟〉和〈耳順吟寄敦詩夢得〉。此一敘述手法不僅在表現某種文學意涵，就全篇而言亦具有特殊意義與作用，對古體詩的創作也頗有影響。

關鍵字

樂府詩 ； 陌上桑 ； 焦仲卿妻 ； 河中之水歌 ； 邯鄲宮人怨 ； 長干行 ； 簡簡吟 ； 耳順吟寄敦詩夢得

並列摘要

Age series refers to an order that uses number to indicate age and follows the principle of increment or decrease. It is a narrative phenomenon unique to Yuen Fu poetries. Tracing to the origin, it may be inspired by Lun Yu ”Wei Zheng” and Han Shu ”Dong Fang Shuo Lie Chuan”. With regard to the cause, it has something to do with the characters of popularity and narrative that Yuen Fu poetries carry. As to the part of rhetoric, it belongs to built-on case; its usage mainly focuses on introducing one specific figure in the poem. Among the available Yuen Fu poetries from Han to Tang, those which adopt age series include: Mo Shang Sang, Jiao Zhong Qing Qi, He Zhong Zhi Shui Ge, Han Dan Gong Ren Yuan, Chang Gan Xing, Jian Jian Yin, and Er Shun Yin Ji Dun Shi Meng De. Such narrative method not only expresses certain kind of literary implication, it also has special meaning and effect toward the whole poem. In addition, it has profound influence on the creation of Gu Ti poetry.

並列關鍵字

Yuen Fu poetry ； Mo Shang Sang ； Jiao Zhong Qing Qi ； He Zhong Zhi Shui Ge ； Han Dan Gong Ren Yuan ； Chang Gan Xing ； Jian Jian Yin ； Er Shun Yin Ji Dun Shi Meng De