台灣護理教材中眼外肌與眼球運動描述之問題與闡明

護理教育中身體評估與內外科護理學課程涵蓋感官相關疾病評估及照護，其中包括眼外肌功能與眼球運動。眼外肌功能評估有益於及早發現眼外肌及其支配神經的異常狀況，並可即時提供介入措施。有鑑於護理教科書在眼外肌功能描述不一致，本文旨在了解目前教科書描述眼外肌功能概況，加以整合分析，以協助學習者對眼外肌功能有清楚認知。故以文獻分析法，透過中文電子期刊與人工查找方式收集五年內討論眼外肌與眼球運動相關中文護理教科書及期刊。研究結果發現講述眼外肌與眼球運動之中文護理教科書共16筆，相關期刊文獻6篇，查閱之文獻對眼外肌造成的眼球運動論述分歧。研究結果支持當眼球朝鼻側，上斜肌主要作用使眼球向下看；當眼球朝顳側，下直肌主要使眼球向下看。本研究建議從解剖生理角度剖析並分別從單眼與雙眼眼球運動等四層面來理解眼外肌功能及對應之眼球運動。

關鍵字

眼外肌（EOMs）；眼球移動（EOM）；上斜肌（SO）；下直肌（IR）

並列摘要

Assessment of sensory function and care for clients with sensory diseases are fundamental in providing medical-surgical nursing care and physical assessment, which involves evaluating the function and movement of the extraocular muscles (EOMs) thereby facilitating early detection of and intervention on the abnormalities of EOMs. Since the descriptions of the function of EOMs are inconsistent, this paper aims to determine how textbooks explain the function of EOMs and to assist learners in building up correct knowledge while learning EOMs. We reviewed relevant literature written in Mandarin Chinese and published within five years, in both journal articles and textbooks, by using Chinese Electronic Periodical Services and related textbooks used in Taiwanese nursing courses. The researchers identified 16 Taiwanese nursing textbooks and six journal articles discussing EOMs and corresponding EOM, all with rather divergent explanations. The results supported that when eyeballs move toward the nose, the main function of SOs makes eyeballs move downward; when eyeballs move toward the ear, the main function of IRs makes eyeballs depress. This study also suggests better understanding of the function of EOMs can arise through considering both anatomical and clinical ocular movements.