本研究係一描述性相關性研究,主要目的在探討東部地區精神科護理人員面臨的工作壓力、因應行為及其相關因素。本研究對象以東部七所公、私立精神科病房收集143位護理人員為個案,研究工具包括精神科護理人員工作壓力量表、因應行為量表及社會支持量表。結果發現,研究對象之工作壓力感受呈中上程度,對無法完成私人工作的壓力感受最大,尤其需要時間與家人及朋友相處是最困擾的事項;其中年齡、護理總年資、精神科年資及情緒取向之因應行為與整體壓力感受呈顯著相關。從逐步迴歸中發現,情緒因應行為、護理總年資、精神科年資、及社會支持,可解釋精神科護理人員壓力感受最大變異量的73%。個案多採問題解決取向的因應行為,並以「在這次事件學到經驗」為最常使用的因應行為;護理人員的社會支持、年齡、護理年資及面臨工作壓力的強弱,與其採用的因應策略彼此間具有相互影響關係;壓力感受之個人反應、勝任及社會支持之情緒支持,可解釋因應行為最大變異量的48%。本結果有助於了解東部地區精神科護理人員的整體工作壓力感受及因應方法,作為提供壓力因應課程的參考及發展精神科護理專業的基礎。
This descriptive correlation study was to evaluate the job stress, coping behaviors and related factors for psychiatric nurses in eastern Taiwan. 143 nurses, collected from seven psychiatric medical hospitals, were evaluated by ”stress scale”, ”coping scale” and ”social support scale”. The researcher found that nurses perceived medium-degree job stress. The highest stress came from ”incompleteness of personal arrangement”, ”together with family and friends” were the most frequent stressors. The work-related stress was significantly related to tile age, the experience in psychiatric care and nursing care, and the emotion-oriented behaviors, 73.0% of the variance in job stress of nurses can be explained by emotion-oriented coping, experience in psychiatric care and nursing care, and social support. The most often used coping method for these nurses was problem-oriented behaviors. ”Learning experience” was the most frequent coping behaviors. The coping behaviors were significant related to the social support, age tile experience in nursing care, and work-related stress 48% of the variance in coping behaviors of nurses could be explained by personal responses, competency, and social support. This study may help nursing administrators and nurses understand nurse job stress and coping behaviors in eastern Taiwan, which is a basis for designing stress management for nurses and further psychiatric professional development.