論章法「多、二、一（０）」的核心結構

The Core Structure of "Multiple, Binary, and Unitary (Zero)" in the Organization of Writing

陳滿銘(Man-Ming Chen)

《師大學報：人文與社會科學類》 48卷2期 (2003/12) Pp. 71-93

https://doi.org/10.6210/JNTNULL.2003.48(2).01

摘要

章法與章法結構，是完全建立在「陰陽二元對待」的基礎之上的。而「陰陽二元對待」又是宇宙創生、含容萬物的根本規律。以這種規律來觀察宇宙創生、含容萬物的歷程，可以用「多」、「二」、「一（0）」的螺旋結構加以概括。因此章法也對應於此，形成這種結構：若從創作面看，形成的是「一（0）、二、多」的順向結構；若就鑑賞面看，形成的是「多、二、一（0）」的逆向結構。其中的「多」，主要是指各個輔助結構；「二」主要是指核心結構；「一（0）」是指一篇辭章之主旨與所形成之風格、韻律等。其中核心結構（「二」），因居於「陰陽二元對待」之樞紐地位，既可徹上歸於「一（0）」，又可徹下統合「多」（輔助結構），地位十分重要。本文即著眼於此，探討章法核心結構之形成、認定及其與美感之關係，以見核心結構在一篇辭章中的重要功能。

關鍵字

章法 ； 核心結構 ； 「一（０）、二、多」與「多、二、一（０）」的螺旋結構 ； 主旨 ； 節奏 ； 風格

並列摘要

This paper argues that the organization of writing is constructed by means of a ”binary confrontation” between masculine (yang) and feminine (yin) attributes. The yin-yang structure that underlies the universe is also the foundation of composition. The process of creation in nature as well as in a literary work can be generalized as a spiral structure; that is, it is a cyclic process of interaction between compliance and reversal. From the author’s point of view, creation is subject to a compliant structure, i.e. ”unitary (zero), binary and multiple.” From the viewpoint of readers, appreciation is subject to a reverse structure; i.e. ”multiple, binary, and unitary (zero)”. The secondary structures are multiple; the core structure is binary. And the theme of a composition-which also determines the style and rhythm of a literary work-is unitary (zero). The core (binary) structure serves as center in the organization of a written essay. The binary confrontation between masculine (yang) and feminine (yin) attributes can be integrated upward into a ”unitary (zero)” structure and also can branch downward into ”multiple” (secondary) structures. This article then discusses the development definition and aesthetics of a core structure.

並列關鍵字

organization of writing ； the core structure ； the spiral structure of "unitary (zero), binary and multiple" and "multiple, binary and unitary (zero)" ； theme ； tempo ； style

參考文獻

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吳功正(1987)。古文鑑賞辭典。

吳功正(2001)。中國文學美學。