舊故事類型的新開發－以「三隻小豬」繪本為例的探討

三隻小豬故事的系列發展，從原本簡單的兒童讀物，經不同作者的進行改寫，顛覆對角色傳統的既定形象，或增添情節置換出新的討論議題，或採不同敘述手法的重構佈局，或拆解整個結構培蘊出新故事體，這些故事群逐漸匯構成龐大的故事主題庫，提供對原本的故事注入新思索、新機制、與新解決，並共同集結反映出後現代思潮的特點，結構可被拆解、邏輯可被跳脫、中心可被瓦解，主體敘事可以被解構，使原有故事源源不斷的增生繁衍。本文以「吃」（「吞噬」）為討論的核心，就誰可以吃了誰，探討吞噬的各種形式及其中的寓意，就所選三本書的討論：就《三隻小豬的真實故事》，由「吃／被吃」間的吞蝕原則，從自然叢林的強吃弱，到體制化社會結構，個人力量的爭勝，其實背後攸關的是集體勢力較勁。《三隻小狼和大壞豬》以毁滅屋宇形式來發揮「吞噬」隱喻，「蓋屋／拆屋」的反覆進行，探討對立中所謂「平衡」型態。《豬頭三兄弟》進行整個書的解構，並在拆解後又能回到舊故事軸重新建構，這些拆解法若不只是技術上的創意發揮，而可以探尋所蘊涵的寓意。當「三隻小豬」已成為當代的新符碼，探討新故事運用這樣的符碼進行加工或重塑，在「舊」載體中如何轉呈出「新」體式。

關鍵字

三隻小豬；吃（吞噬）；犯罪現場；解構；後現代

並列摘要

The ＂Three Little Pigs＂ has been modified by various authors to create a series of new versions based on the original simple children's book. These authors reconstructed the traditional images of the characters, added new content to the original storyline, created new discussion topics, and restructured the story using various narrative methods. The distinct versions were gradually accumulated into a large story-theme database that was created to add new thinking, mechanisms, and solutions to the original story. Moreover, this collection reflected the characteristic thoughts of postmodernism. The structures can be disassembled, the logic can be broken, the central theme can be removed, and the topic-centered narrative style can be deconstructed to constantly create new versions of the original story. This study focused on the central idea of eating (devourment) and investigated the various forms of devourment and their respective implications in the discussion of the theme of the story. Because the ＂Three Little Pigs＂ has become a new contemporary symbol, we investigated the use of old imagery to represent new forms by recreating or reshaping new stories using these symbols.