戰後初期臺灣的出版業(1945-1949)

筆者曾於《國史館學術集刊》第5期中發表〈戰後初期臺灣的圖書出版－1945至1949年〉，文中因限於篇幅對於當時的出版業者著墨不多，本篇即意在補充前篇未論及的出版業者這一項。那個時期的圖書產銷系統並不明確，出版與銷售往往不分家，許多圖書幾乎都是由民間的書店出版，只要較具規模的書店通常都有著圖書的出版業務，故本篇雖然以出版業為主，但在探討出版這課題時，不免又涉及圖書的進口與銷售。戰後臺灣的出版業因為面臨到政權的改變與不同文化的衝擊，出版業也必須適時在出版或經營內容上有所調整，首先是過去書店中所出版、販售的日文圖書，由中文圖書遞補上這個空缺；二二八事件後隨著日人的遣返，出版機構經營權跟著改變，許多不是結束營業，就是將其經營權轉移到臺灣人手中；另一方面，來自大陸的出版業陸陸續續在臺開始設立分店，對臺灣的出版業生態又注入一股新的元素。但是臺灣的圖書市場仍面臨到同一問題，即圖書貨源的匱乏，在這段精神苦悶、物質空虛的時期，臺灣的出版業者只好不斷地調整經營內容，開始以舊書買賣的方式，渡過這段圖書匱乏時期；而外來的出版業雖以銷售自家出版的教科書，開始立足臺灣，但是臺灣缺書的狀況並不因此得到解決，這種缺書的情形一直到1950年代開始大規模翻印圖書後，才漸漸有所改善。

關鍵字

出版史；圖書；出版業；書店

並列摘要

This paper is a sequel to my article ”Taiwan's publications in the Postwar Years 1945-1949” which appeared in the Volume 5 of Bulletin Academia Historica. Instead of discussing the publications, this paper looks at the business as a whole. At that time, the business of publication and sale was not separated, and most of the books were published by private bookstores. This paper also discusses the issue of the sale of imported books. In order to adjust to the new political environment, the publication business in Taiwan had to change their publishing and sales strategies. First, Japanese books were removed and Chinese books took their place on the shelves. Second, after the 228 Incident, many Japanese bookstores either terminated their business or transferred the management to the hands of Taiwanese people. Meanwhile, many publishing companies from mainland China began to set up their branch offices on the island, bringing new life to the business. But the major problem faced by all of them was a lack in books. Selling used books became an important business then. It was in the 1950s when reprints of old books were made possible that the lack in books was gradually lessened.