網路媒介如何影響社會運動的動員結構及組織型態?本研究以野草莓學運爲例,試圖探討網路媒介興起對社會運動動員結構所造成的影響,以及此影響又如何改變了社會運動組織型態。本研究延伸趙鼎新所創的生態圈概念,主張野草莓學運中網路媒介所動員的是種超越實體空間的「虛擬生態圈」(virtual ecology)。而這種動員方式,使野草莓學運跳脫傳統網絡,在短時間內爆發動員強度,但同時產生人際網絡枝節斷裂(segmented)的參與者,進而造成「無領導的民主行動群」的扁平式組織。本研究呈現了科技媒介、動員結構與組織型態三者如何相互影響的過程。
This article discusses the relationship between the internet and social movements, focusing on how the internet affects the mobilization process and organizational structure of social movements. An investigation of the Taiwan Wild Strawberry Student Movement indicates that the internet facilitates a new mobilization process called the ”virtual ecology mobilization process”. Mobilization through the internet makes social networks in a movement segmented and difficult to create leadership. Thus, the organizational structure becomes ”flat” and lacks co-ordination. Mobilization through the internet and its consequential impact on organizational structures differs significantly from student movements in the past in Taiwan, which emphasize the importance of pre-existing organizations. We can conclude that technologies available in a society affect the media means social movement groups can choose to spread information, which influences its mobilization process and consequentially impacts its organizational structure. Technologies, mobilization processes and organizational structures are three factors deeply related to one another.