花蓮豐田社區史的後殖民論述與遺產論述

Postcolonial Discourse and Heritage Discourse on the History of the Fengtian Community in Hualien, Taiwan

張育銓(Yu-Chuan Chang)

《真理大學人文學報》 18期 (2016/04) Pp. 23-41

摘要

後殖民論述中有關被殖民者積極對歷史重新詮釋的探討，延伸出對殖民者的定位、對殖民歷史的建構以及如何重寫殖民歷史等議題，並以國族論述的視野，在政治、經濟、醫療、文化與人口政策上，討論殖民與後殖民的糾結。本文從台灣東部農村社區的案例，以當地最具在地認同的物質發現史，將後殖民論述與遺產論述進行連結，說明地方的歷史詮釋如何建構，並成為日常生活與地方認同的一部分。根據史料分析與田野訪談發現，這樣的歷史詮釋是為了因應解殖的需要，由地方菁英帶入原本殖民者刻意塑造對地方的認知與認同架構，在解殖的動機下，卻形成內部殖民。筆者自1998 年起在豐田社區從事人類學式的田野工作，本文以田野資料配合文獻分析與訪談，思索一個社區如何對歷史真實性與創造性加以運用與實踐，以達成對解殖的想像。

關鍵字

後殖民論述 ； 遺產論述 ； 豐田社區 ； 花蓮

並列摘要

Postcolonial discourse explores the colonized people’s proactive reinterpretation of history, extending to issues such as determining the colonists’ position, construction of colonial history, and how colonial history can be rewritten. In addition, from the perspective of nationalism, the interrelatedness of colonization and postcolonization on politics, economics, health, culture, and population policy are discussed. This paper explores a rural community in Eastern Taiwan as a case and examines the history of materials that locals were most familiar with in order to integrate postcolonial discourse and heritage discourse and to explain how the interpretation of local history has been constructed and has become a part of everyday life and local identity. The analysis of historical materials and field interviews revealed that the historical interpretation was a reaction to demands for decolonization, through the local elite introducing the framework of local recognition and identity that the colonists initially intended to create. However, this motivation for decolonization resulted in internal colonization. This paper further speculates on how a community can apply and practice history’s authenticity and creativity to achieve the imagining of decolonization.

並列關鍵字

postcolonial discourse ； heritage discourse ； Fengtian community ； Hualien