公部門員工工作家庭衝突與工作滿意度之關聯性研究

Correlation Study on the Work-family Conflict and Job Satisfaction of Workers in the Public Sector

溫玲玉(Ling-yu Wen) ； 蔡長銘(Cang-ming Tsai)

《華人經濟研究》 17卷1期 (2019/03) Pp. 55-68

摘要

民選首長、雙薪家庭、分隔兩地等問題已經不再只存在於私部門，而身為民主政治下之公僕，對於滿足民眾需求之呼聲也愈來愈讓公部門服務的人員備感壓力，在工作與家庭間互相影響的可能性愈高，在過往之研究中工作家庭衝突與工作滿意度之間存在負相關，而存在於影響工作家庭之因子之研究更多，然對於公部門此類工作家庭衝突之研究相對於私部門較為少數，似也形成多數人對於公僕此類問題並未能像私部門之關注與重視，本文期望藉由文獻探討與整理，提高大眾對公部門員工也有此工作家庭衝突之現象，且因公僕有政策制定權與執行權，如果因為工作家庭衝突的問題影響到對工作滿意度的干擾，進而造成政策之擬定與執行上之偏差，此非僅為一個企業之禍，恐傷及全體國民進而影響國家政務之推動，其重要性更甚於任何私部門產業。影響工作家庭衝突之因子文獻探討較多，本文選擇幾種較為普遍之因子如工作要求、組織工作家庭政策、家庭責任作為中介變數，尋求其對於工作家庭衝突之影響性，進而影響工作滿意度的探討，並將性別、主管與非主管定位為調節變項，探討他們之間的關係。本文僅蒐集相關問題之文獻，找出12個命題，初步探討公部門員工在工作家庭衝突與工作滿意度之關聯，期待能為後續研究者提供問題點及其未來研究方向之探討。

關鍵字

工作家庭衝突 ； 工作滿意度 ； 中介變數 ； 調節變數

並列摘要

The democratic election of the head of state, dual income families, and separation of families are no longer issues that only exist in the private sector. As civil servants of a democracy, the voice of satisfying the demands of the general public has become an ever-increasing pressure for those who are serving in the public sector. Therefore, the possibility of the mutual influences between work and family may also increase. Many scholars and studies have researched the negative correlation between work-family conflict and job satisfaction, not to mention the abundance of studies on the factors influencing work and family. However, there are fewer studies on the research of work-family conflict in the public sector, and it also seems that related issues among civil servants do not receive the same attention and emphasis as the private sector. This study hopes to increase the public awareness in regard to the phenomenon of work-family conflict through literature review. Since civil servants have the power in policy making and execution, the effects of work-family conflict and related issues on job satisfaction could result in biased policy making and execution. This might not have an adverse effect on corporations, but it will impact the citizens as a whole and the promotion of national affairs. Its importance should be seen more significant than any private sector or industry. As the factors affecting work-family conflict have been explored in many past literature, this study selected a few of the common factors identified in previous studies, namely demands of work, development of work-family policies, and family responsibility as intervening variable, so as to explore the influence of the factors on work-family conflict that further affect job satisfaction. Additionally, this study takes gender, administrative and non-administrative roles as moderator variables and further explores their relationship. The major shortcoming of this study is that no questionnaires were used for the research topic, resulting in incomplete quantitative evidence. It is also suggested that in future studies, the 12 related issues examined by literature and this paper can be surveyed through questionnaires and gathered into quantitative statistics. This study hopes to provide the issues and explore the possible research direction for future research and raise public awareness of work-family conflict that exist in the public sector. Leaders of the public sector should draft relevant policies to address the work-family issues of its employees to prevent the adverse effects on national policy making or execution, that ultimately impacts all citizens.

並列關鍵字

Work-family Conflict ； Job Satisfaction ； Intervening Variable ； Moderator Variable