《韓非子》與《呂氏春秋》寓言題材之比較研究

The Comparative Research of Fables' Contents between Hain-Fei-Tsu and Lin-Sh-Chuen-Chiou

吳福相(Fu-Shiang Wu)

《實踐博雅學報》 12期 (2009/07) Pp. 85-107

https://doi.org/10.7041/SCJLA.200907.0085

摘要

《韓非子》寓言多獨立成篇，而《呂氏春秋》多尚未獨立成篇，而是夾在散文論述之中。二家並多將寓言作為例證之用，以利其思想、主張，易為人知，易為人行。 今考察兩家寓言題材之比較，就神話而言，有故事化與小說化、歷史化與寓言化之不同。就歷史傳說而言，有批評否定儒墨與肯定讚揚諸子之不同。就民間故事而言，有重間接義、發揮義與直接義、蘊含義之不同。就文人創作而言，有以少總多與以少諷多之不同。深入探析，亦多得其本質、意蘊、內涵、技法等之不同。 二家題材亦多有近似處，就神話而言，並多以神格為中樞，而推演之。就歷史傳說而言，並將歷史史實，加工虛構，以寄託自家之寓意。就民間故事而言，並將民間故事之本意轉化為寓言以寄寓。就文人創作而言，此種題材二家雖並易與傳說、故事相混淆，然而吾人若從其間之用字遣詞、精心構思、藝術造境、精煉生活或發揮想像等予以析評，或亦可得其本真。 是知二家雖多有近似之處，唯細加剖析，亦多得其同工異曲之妙，可謂各擅勝場，實有足資為吾人借鏡者矣。 既明兩家寓言題材之異同及其所以然，則確可釐清兩家風格之迥異與得失之定奪，有助吾人日後從事寓言之討論、賞析、創作、研究之參考，可謂有益後生矣。

並列摘要

The fables of Hain-Fei-Tsu exist in the contents separately. However, the fables of
Lin-Sh-Chuen-Chiou exist inside the contents. This paper explores the comparative research of fables' Contents between Hain-Fei-Tsu and Lin-Sh-Chuen-Chiou. As to the myths of Hain-Fei-Tsu and Lin-Sh-Chuen-Chiou, there are many stories, novels, histories and fables different from each other. For the story legend, folks and the scholars' creation, there are many similar contents.
Although there are somewhat different, the spirit, meaning and value are the same. That is to say, they all have distinguishing features. We can follow and learn their merits.
We understand the causes of the difference between Hain-Fei-Tsu and Lin-Sh-Chuen-Chiou.
We can also recognize their different styles and advantages/disadvantages, which lead us how to create, appreciate and teach and research.
This paper is able to help the followers continue to do the related researches further.

並列關鍵字

Contents ； History ； Fable ； Myth ； Legend ； Folk Story

參考文獻

王邦雄(1977)。韓非子哲學。台北:東大圖書公司。

王靜芝(1977)。韓非思想體系。台北:輔大文學院叢書。

田鳳台(1979)。呂氏春秋研究(博士論文)。政大。

朱守亮(1992)。韓非子釋評。台北:五南書局。

李文標(1977)。韓非思想體系。台北:幼獅文化事業公司。