同理心的心身醫學觀

Psychosomatic Aspects of Empathy

潘怡如(Yi-Ju Pan) ； 李明濱(Ming-Been Lee)

《北市醫學雜誌》 1卷4期 (2004/10) Pp. 385-392

https://doi.org/10.6200/TCMJ.2004.1.4.02

摘要

在醫療行為及醫病關係漸趨複雜的現今社會裡，運用同理的態度和技巧，可以改變互動及溝通模式，影響治療關係和治療成果。同理的主體是情緒，其發生伴隨認知的運作。同理的產生，可能根源於大腦杏仁核，及相關神經迴路之作用，在各個發展階段，受到不同社會心理、生理及環境因素之影響。同理發生在互動的情境巾，具有溝通的本質。同理的運用，是一種專業技巧，依據治療者本身特質及治療關係而有不同的表現。未來在研究方面，宜針對同理的生理機轉，以及臨床的運用技巧，作進一步的探討。

關鍵字

同理 ； 同理心 ； 同感 ； 心身醫學 ； 照會精神醫學 ； 醫病關係

並列摘要

In the era of evolution in medical behaviors and doctor-patient relationships in modern society, empathy plays a major role in enhancing efficient communication and interaction, as well as influencing therapeutic relationship and prognosis. The core of empathy is an emotion; however, cognitive process is almost invariably involved to a certain degree. The emergence of empathy may be rooted in the interaction between amygdala and associated neural circuits, and is influenced by different psychosocial, physiological, and environmental factors in every developmental stage. Empathy happens in the context of interaction and is in its essence communicative. The practice of empathy takes professional training and is manifested differently according to individual therapists characters and therapeutic relationships. Further research in neurophysiological mechanisms underlying empathy and its implications in clinical practices may be warranted in the future. (Full text in Chinese)

並列關鍵字

empathy ； psychosomatic medicine ； consultation psychiatry ； doctor-patient relationship