試評臺灣具修復式正義精神之相關制度

An Evaluation of Restorative Justice Programs in Taiwan

黃曉芬(Hsiao-Fen Huang) ； 張耀中(Yao-Chung Chang)

《犯罪與刑事司法研究》 19期 (2012/09) Pp. 45-72

https://doi.org/10.29861/CCJI.201209.0002

摘要

本研究基於澳洲學者Braithwaite及Harris之修復式正義方案評估原則架構與精神，介紹並評估現今臺灣社會中具修復式正義精神之司法制度：（1）調解制度、（2）緩起訴與緩刑、（3）少年司法制度，以及（4）修復式司法試行方案。本文之論述一方面含括各制度的政策目標、實踐情形；另一方面，討論各制度中所優先考量、重視的修復式正義原則，及其實踐時可能對其他原則產生的抑制效應。本研究發現臺灣現行方案仍多以「犯罪人復歸」、「關係性修復」等目標為中心，但對於賦權、參與、責任歸屬、真相的原則及「被害人修復」的目標較未賦予相等的重視，故與Braithwaite和Harris所提出之基本評估原則及修復式正義理論興起所持之被害人訴求，有所迥異。本研究認為，實踐修復式正義方案時，需要重視與覺察到基本原則的實踐情形，而非僅理想性地追求高層次的目標原則。再者，未來研究應對被害人需求進行更深入的探究，較有可能建構出滿足被害人需求、取得被害人及其支持團體認同之修復式正義方案。

關鍵字

修復式正義 ； 評估原則 ； 被害人

並列摘要

Based on the restorative justice evaluation frameworks established by John Braithwaite and Nathan Harris, this paper will discuss and evaluate four categories of restorative justice programs in Taiwan, including (1) mediation (2) deferred prosecution and suspended sentence (3) a youth justice system and (4) a restorative justice pilot. This paper finds that current restorative justice programs in Taiwan place great emphasis on the rehabilitation of offenders and the restoration of damaged relationships. They have less regard to the aim of restoring victims and to other principles such as empowerment, active participation, acknowledgement of wrongdoing and the whole truth. The emphasis placed in Taiwan on these programs contradicts the priorities inherent in the principles that John Braithwaite and Nathan Harris propose and understates the importance of recognising the role and needs of victims. This paper concludes that, rather than pursuing certain ideological, high-level aims, restorative justice practices in Taiwan need to be more ”down to the earth” and would benefit by taking greater account of the implementation of basic restorative justice principles. This paper suggests that future research should focus on the needs of victims in the criminal justice system. Only when the basic needs of the victims and their supporters are assured can we say that the Taiwanese judicial practice is closer to the real spirit of restorative justice.

並列關鍵字

restorative justice ； principles of evaluation ； victim