機場犯罪與人為失序風險因子對國際機場航空保安之影響－以臺灣桃園國際機場為例

The Impact of Airport Crime and Human Disorder Risk Factors on International Airport Aviation Security-A Case Study of Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport

黃秀真(Hsiu-Chen Huang)

《犯罪與刑事司法研究》 34期 (2021/06) Pp. 69-106

摘要

桃園國際機場為我國重要關鍵基礎設施，也是國家重要門面，心須維持高度可靠性以及營運過程不中斷，桃園國際機場為「國家門戶」，扮演與世界經貿接軌的重要角色，交通部於2008年8月起推動桃園航空城計畫，並依此制定「國際機場園區發展條例」，擬訂了桃園國際機場的發展構想計畫年服務容量4,500萬人次，目前第三航廈預定將於2024至2026年分階段完工。文通部預估，第三航廈可服務的年旅客容量有2000萬人次，將來無論是旅客量、貨物量都將大大增加，機場犯罪行為及人為失序事件可能造成之機場持續營運與航空保安管理精進作為，將是一大挑戰。本文係以桃園國際機場為例，透過文獻分析法找出各項機場犯罪人為失序危險因子並整理繪製風險因子層級架構圖，並運用一致性模糊偏好關係法（Consistent Fuzzy Preference Relation, CFPR）簡化成對比較次數之優點，解決一致性的問題且求出各指標之權重，再從權重的指標進行回溯以及檢視，期能就現有之機場保安檢查、實際執行工作、現有規範、崗哨檢查措施、界圍安全維護設備等方面，討論國際機場執行保安管理時所產生之風險因子，並尋找出機場犯罪風險因子指標，進而得出相關之建議與結論，期望研究結果能提供交通部民用航空局、航空航空警察局及桃園航空站經營人未來在維護機場安全工作時之參考。

關鍵字

一致性模糊偏好關係 ； 人為失序 ； 風險因子 ； 桃園國際機場 ； 航空保安 ； 機場犯罪

並列摘要

Taoyuan International Airport (TIA) is an important critical infrastructure and key resource in Taiwan that must maintain high reliability and uninterrupted operations. It is a ＂gateway to the country＂ and also playing an essential role in linking up with the world economy and trade. The Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MOTC) launched the Taoyuan aviation city project in August 2008, published the ＂International Airport Park Development Regulation＂, and drafted a development plan with an annual service capacity of 45 million passengers. Terminal 3 is scheduled to be completed in the phases of years from 2024 to 2026. The MOTC estimates that the capacity of annual passenger served by Terminal 3 is going up to 20 million passengers. In the future, both the number of passengers and the volume of freights will increase dramatically. These increases pose serious challenges to the continuous operation of the airport and the improvement of aviation security management threatened by airport crimes and human disorder incidents. This article takes TIA as an example and identifies risk factors by using literature reviews to find out the risk factors and draw up a hierarchical structure diagram of airport crimes and human disorder. The methodology of Consistent Fuzzy Preference Relations (CFPR) has been applied to calculate the weighting of each factor by the advantages of pairwise comparison which can overcome the inconsistency issues. Backtracking and review are made from the weighting indicators. The above methodologies are used for an extensive review of existing TIA security management, operational procedures, staff responsibilities and physical facilities resulting in conclusions and recommendations. These results will help guide the airport maintenance and safety measures for Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA), Aviation Police Bureau (APB), and airport operator in the future.

並列關鍵字

consistent fuzzy preference relations ； human disorder ； risk factor ； Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport ； aviation security ； airport crime