Technological and vocational education has played a very important role in ”the Taiwan's miracle”. The purpose of this research is to examine the determinants of competitiveness with a focus on Taiwan's HTVE system. Determinants of internal and external factors were identified. Results found that faculty teaching performance and completeness of Curriculum design were the major determinants of internal factor. Financial support from government was the most influential determinant of public institutions in external factor, yet private institutions considered population growth rate was the most important one. As for the future competitiveness of HTVE institutions, less restrictions of government regulation on HTVE system might induce more efficiency.