台灣女性勞動力運用之比較：以東南亞配偶、大陸配偶、本國有偶婦女為例

The Comparisons of Labor Force Utilization of the Female Spouses from Southeast Asia, Mainland China and Taiwan

王燦槐(Chang-Hwai Wang) ； 林艾蓉(Ai-Jung Lin)

《台灣東南亞學刊》 6卷2期 (2009/10) Pp. 97-133

https://doi.org/10.7039/TJSAST.200910.0097

摘要

本研究使用內政部「92年外籍與大陸配偶生活狀況調查」資料，依據改良的勞動力運用架構(labor utilization framework)，重新定義適當運用與不適當運用，比較女性東南亞配偶與大陸配偶的勞動力運用狀況，並參考台灣有偶婦女的勞動力運用情形。本研究發現（一）女性東南亞配偶和大陸配偶之勞動力運用有顯著差異，而女性大陸配偶又比女性東南亞配偶的勞動力運用差。（二）女性東南亞配偶和大陸配偶與台灣有偶婦女勞動力運用有顯著差異，並且女性東南亞配偶和大陸配偶比台灣有偶婦女勞動力運用程度差。
從巨觀層面呈現新移民在台灣社會的就業問題，探討在低度運用背後之可能歧視問題，並建議未來應提供的輔導內涵有：（一）加強女性東南亞配偶和大陸配偶的有效就業輔導、（二）消除對女性大陸配偶就業法令之雙重標準限制、（三）降低女性東南亞配偶和大陸配偶之隱藏性失業問題、（四）重視女性東南亞配偶的就業歧視問題、（五）提升勞動力運用以協助女性新移民適應社會。

關鍵字

勞動力運用 ； 東南亞配偶 ； 大陸配偶 ； 低度運用 ； 就業歧視

並列摘要

This research used the data of ”2003 Foreign and Mainland China Spouses' Life Situations Survey” from Ministry of Interior, based on the revised Labor Utilization Framework, recalculated the appropriate and inappropriate utilization of labor force of Southeast Asian and Mainland China female spouses, and compared the differences between them, along with the utilization of Taiwanese female labor force. This research found out (1) there were significant differences in labor force utilization between Southeast Asian and Mainland China female spouses, the former were better than the latter. (2) There were significant differences in labor force utilization between Southeast Asian and Mainland China female spouses, as well as Taiwanese female labor force, and the former ones were worse than the latter one.
From macro-level analyses, we presented the employment problems of these new immigrants in Taiwan, and discussed the possible discriminations behind their low-level labor utilization. There are four ways to improve the services to these new immigrants, (1) To enhance the job counselling service to Southeast Asia and Mainland China female spouses, (2) To eliminate the double-standard employment policy of Southeast Asian and Mainland China spouses, (3) To diminish the sub-unemployment problems of Southeast Asian and Mainland China female spouses, (4) To regard seriously the employment discrimination problems of Southeast Asian female spouses and (5) To assist new female immigrants to adapt to the Taiwan society by promoting their labor utilization.

並列關鍵字

Labor force utilization ； Southeast Asian spouses ； Mainland China spouses ； Underutilization of labor force ； Employment discrimination

參考文獻

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