因史證經．從經入史．由史而文－以明代春秋學與史漢之學為中心

Evaluating Classics from History, Studying History from Classics, and Constructing Literature from History: On the Studies of the Spring and Autumn, Records of the Historian, and History of the Han during the Ming Dynasty

張德建(De-Jian Zhang)

《先秦兩漢學術》 20期 (2013/09) Pp. 13-26

摘要

明代經學衰落，為救正經學之失，人們從經學中最具史學特徵的《春秋》入手，試圖通過因史證經，修正解經的過度闡釋－過求褒貶、刻核失實之弊。這種修正方式引發出從經入史的學術思潮，《左傳》「以史傳經」的解經方式使其成為人們普遍關注的物件，事實敘述的價值得到高度重視。敘事是一個溝通文、史重要範疇，對這一範疇的重視，引領了弘正文學復古運動，《史》、《漢》成為文學典範，成為文學理論與創作的核心。

關鍵字

春秋學 ； 史漢學 ； 敘事 ； 復古

並列摘要

The study of classics had declined in the Ming dynasty. As to restore the study of classics, people started to focus on the study of the Spring and Autumn, which shared many characteristics of historical studies in comparison with that of other classics, and tried to correct the over-interpretation on the classics through the approach of evaluating classics from history. This approach led to a scholarly tendency of studying history from classics; the interpretive method of “passing on classics through history＂ from the Chronology of Zuo became the focus of the public attention, and the narrative of facts was highly valued. Narrative is an essential concept which bridges between literature and history. The attention on this concept inspired the literary revival movement during the Hongzhi and Zhengde periods (1488-1521); the Records of the Historian and History of the Han became a model of literature, as well as the core of literary theories and creation.

並列關鍵字

the Study of the Spring and Autumn ； the Study of the Records of the Historian and History of the Han ； narrative ； revival