上傅楚竹書《吳命》篇簡4文意補說

Notes on the bamboo texts found in slip No. 4 of Wu-Ming from the seventh volume of The Chu Bamboo Slips of the Warring States Period Collected in the Shanghai Museum

李詠健(Wing-Kin Lee)

《先秦兩漢學術》 21期 (2014/03) Pp. 65-82

摘要

〈上博七．吳命》簡4云：「孤使一介使親於桃迋勞其大夫，且請其行。」由於欠缺上下文對照，學界對此句簡文的斷讀及文意，尚未有一致意見。本文結合已有之研究成果，嘗試疏通其文意。衡諸辭例及語法，本文認為簡文「孤使一介使」中的「孤」，當謂吳王，句中前一「使」字作動詞用，後一「使」字作名詞用，指吳王派遣一位使臣。至於文中的「桃」，應為地名，「注」則假作「郊」，與下字「勞」連讀為「郊勞」。簡文「親於桃郊勞其大夫」，意謂吳使親自於近郊的「桃」地迎接，並對來國之大夫行郊勞之禮以作慰勞。另外，末句「且請其行」中的「且」，當訓「而且」，為連詞，「請其行」則與《儀禮．聘禮》中「請行」之意略同，可解作「問其此行之目的」。

關鍵字

上博楚竹書 ； 〈吳命〉 ； 通假 ； 禮制

並列摘要

Much has been written to examine the meaning of texts found in slip no. 4 of Wu-ming from the seventh volume of the The Chu Bamboo Slips of the Warring States Period Collected in the Shanghai Museum 上海博物館藏戰國楚竹書, but the existing research has its limitations. The present article attempts to restore the intent of Chu bamboo texts found in the slip. After giving a thorough investigation on character's structure, pronunciation as well as grammar of the texts, the writer concluded that the term ＂孤＂ appeared in the slip refers to the king of the State of Wu, while ＂勞＂ should be defined as ＂勞＂, and be read as ＂郊勞＂. The nature of ＂郊勞＂ is similar to that of the term ＂請行＂ found in the same slip, which is a rite of welcome held in the frontier of a feudal state in ancient China.

並列關鍵字

Chu bamboo slips ； Wu-Ming ； Rite ； Phonetic loan