水稻抗病及防禦反應基因的全基因組分析

Whole Genome Analysis of Disease Resistance and Defense-response Genes of Rice

王子明(Arthur Z. Wang) ； 胡澤寬(Tzer-Kaun Hu) ； 王強生(Chang-Sheng Wang)

《作物、環境與生物資訊》 2卷4期 (2005/12) Pp. 267-281

https://doi.org/10.30061/CEB.200512.0002

摘要

近年來，許多已被選殖成功的植物抗病基因(disease resistance gene, R)皆可編碼NBS(nucleotide binding site)-LRR(leucine-rich repeat)功能區塊(domain)，能辨識病原菌分泌蛋白(elicitor, Avr protein)，進而能保衛植物；使植物僅具有少數的NBS-LRR基因，亦能防禦多樣的病原菌。藉由已知抗病基因的分子結構，以生物資訊學(bioinformatics)的方法，跨越研究材料及分析系統的限制，找出水稻全基因組的抗病基因約有600個，可分為4至9群；此一策略提供基因選殖與利用此類基因的另一有效途徑。藉由結合目前已建構大量的病原菌接種後水稻基因表現組群(gene expression profiles)資料，可以快速且同步地觀察抗病及防禦反應相關基因的數量及種類。發現大部份的防禦反應基因，並不具專一性，均於染感後4至24小時表現，產生作用，而抗病基因是在植物被感染前即已表現。本文的目的即在介紹利用演算法(algorithm)及基因表現分析的資料，找尋的水稻抗病及防禦反應相關的基因，並將此等基因以比較基因體學(comparative genomics)的方法，鏈結古典遺傳質量基因座、數量性狀基因座(quantitative trait loci, QTLs)及基因組核苷酸序列，並標定在水稻12對染色體上，進行抗病相關基因的全基因體學分析。

關鍵字

抗病基因 ； 防禦反應基因 ； 比較基因體學 ； 全基因組分析 ； 核苷酸結合位置 ； 白胺酸重覆功能區塊

並列摘要

In recent years, many plant disease resistance genes (R) have been cloned and identified, which encode NBS (nucleotide binding site)-LRR (leucine-rich repeat) domain, and may recognize elicitor (Avr protein) to protect plant from various pathogens even with few NBS-LRR genes. Stridden across the barrel of materials and analyses in disease resistance researches, about 600 (grouped into 4 to 9 types) R genes have been predicted by using bioinformatic tools according to sequences of NBS-LRR, and will facilitate the cloning and utilization of these genes. Through analyzing the databases of rice gene expression profiles after pathogens inoculation, we may quickly and simultaneously study the number, types, and genes related to disease resistance and defense-response. Results showed that most defense-response genes were not specific and expressed at 4 to 24 hours after inoculation. However, R genes have started expression prior to inoculation. In this paper, we introduced the identification of rice disease resistance and defense-response genes by integration of algorithm and gene expression profiles. Through the comparative genomics, we analyzed the whole rice genome by connecting the identified genes with traditional genetic loci, quantitative trait loci, genes associated with disease resistance and defense-response, and eventually located on 12 chromosomes of rice genome.

並列關鍵字

Disease resistance gene ； Defense-response gene ； Comparative genomics ； Whole genome analysis ； NBS ； LRR