唐詩中的生死觀－以時空為切入視角

Perspectives on Life and Death in Tang Poetry-From the Point of View of Time and Space

王正利(Jeng-Li Wang)

《華梵人文學報》 22期 (2014/07) Pp. 157-189

摘要

生死議題，與人切身相關，又可說是人生中最大的弔詭。人，非死即生，而且即便生，但終究，也要死。生與死，一體之兩面，相通且相對，互斥且互補。生與死，相伴而來，自然而然。死亡，如何造成巨大的改變與衝擊，值得深入探究。唐詩對此，也有許多著墨，因此本文將聚焦在：唐代詩人如何看待死亡，並選擇從時空視角切入，以求獲得豐富完整成果。經過探究，得知唐人生死觀特色：在時間上－「必然而至」、「一去不返」；在空間上－「未知世界」、「同體適用」；而且詩中使用了許多對比的意象，突出生與死之間的衝突對立，也進而帶出唐詩生死觀的最大特色──問天呼天，與之抗爭－唐詩悲劇精神於此清晰可見。

並列摘要

The issue of life and death is crucial importance to humans, and it could be regarded as the largest paradox in human life. Humans are either dead or alive, and even though alive, bound to die eventually. Life and death are the two sides of one coin, connecting and opposing to each other; repelling and complementary to one another. Life and death come together as a matter of course. How death could inflict such enormous alterations and impact is worth of deeper exploration. Also, there are rich discussions on this issue in Tang poetry. Thus, this paper will focus on how the poets in Tang Dynasty regarded death, and the perspectives would be acquired from the point of view of time and space to obtain abundant and complete results. After investigation, we come to know the features of the perspectives on life and death of Tang people: in terms of time, ＂inevitable arrival＂ and ＂leaving for good＂; and in terms of space, ＂the world of unknown＂ and ＂everyone is treated impartially＂. It is worth noticing that: many imageries of contrast are used in the poetry to lay stress on the conflicting opposition between life and death; furthermore, these imageries bring out the most prominent features of the perspectives on life and death in Tang poetry: the straightforward gaze at death and the conversation with the supernatural being that dominates human fate. For the poets of Tang poetry, the tragic spirit of Tang poetry is thereby crystal-clear to be seen.

並列關鍵字

Tang poetry ； life and death ； time ； space ； tragedy

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方瑜()。