從海域環境破壞與海事安全面向論金廈海域空間規劃之構想－以大陸船舶越界捕魚、盜採砂石及海漂垃圾為例

A Study on the Concept of Spatial Planning in Kinmen and Xiamen Sea Area from the Marine Environmental Deterioration and Maritime Safety - The Case of Trespassed Fishing, Illegal Sea Sand Mining and Floating Waste

高瑞新(Rui-Hsin Kao) ； 卓正中(Cheng-Chung Cho) ； 林宗儫(Tsung-Hao Lin) ； 金藝花(Yi-Hua Kim)

《航運季刊》 28卷1期 (2019/03) Pp. 79-110

摘要

本研究以大陸船舶越界捕魚、盜採砂石及海漂垃圾為例，從金廈海域空間規劃的觀點，探討前述三項議題所面臨的執法（行）困境，從而以中央與地方關係論述金廈海域空間規劃構想的重要性與必要性。透過文獻蒐集與分析、田野調查等研究方法，深入分析我國面臨大陸船舶越界捕魚、盜採砂石暨海漂垃圾現況、金廈海域兩岸地方政府的協同執法與合作困境，以及金廈海域空間規劃中的中央與地方關係。研究結果發現：金廈海域的大陸船舶越界捕魚、盜採海砂案件與海漂垃圾問題對金廈海域的漁業資源、環境破壞與海事安全影響嚴峻，以及金廈海域執法困境有待兩岸金廈漳泉四地政府攜手共同突破。本文並依據上述研究發現，提供以下建議：（1）以金門作為兩岸地方政府合作的先行先試區域；（2）提出金廈漳泉「大金廈海域空間規劃」之構想；（3）提供若干具體措施，以解決上述問題。

關鍵字

金廈海域空間規劃 ； 越界捕魚 ； 盜採砂石 ； 海漂垃圾

並列摘要

This paper takes the trespassed fishing, illegal sea sand mining and floating waste as examples from the view of spatial planning of Kinmen and Xiamen Sea Area exploring the difficulties of enforcing the law and implementation of the three topics mentioned. From the relationship between central and local government, the importance and necessity of establishing spatial planning of Kinmen and Xiamen Sea Area would be discussed. Through the literature review and case analysis, the current situation of trespassed fishing, illegal sea sand mining and floating waste, the difficulties of collaborative law enforcement and execution between the local Governments across the Strait, and relationship of central and local government for the spatial planning of Kinmen and Xiamen Sea Area, would be discussed in details. The result shows that the trespassed fishing, illegal sea sand mining and floating waste in Kinmen and Xiamen Sea Area have seriously impacted the fishery resources, environment and maritime safety, and the difficulties of collaborative law enforcement still requires the local Governments of Kinmen, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, and Quanzhou to cooperate and break through together. According to the study specified above, this paper suggests: (1) Kinmen becoming the pilot area for the cooperation of the local Governments across the Strait; (2) establishing ＂Greater Kinmen and Xiamen Sea Area Spatial Planning＂ for Kinmen, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, and Quanzhou; (3) providing a number of specific measures solving the problems mentioned above.

並列關鍵字

Spatial planning of Kinmen and Xiamen sea area ； Trespassed fishing ； Illegal sea sand mining ； Floating waste