戰國楚簡所見楚國人神、人鬼信仰系統初探

Initiative Study of Chu Bamboo Recording about Ancestors and Ghosts Faith

鄒濬智(Jun-Zi Zhou)

《立德學報》 4卷2期 (2007/06) Pp. 103-113

https://doi.org/10.7080/JLU.200706.0103

摘要

出土戰國卜筮簡中多見對人神、人鬼的祭禱。將這部份的資料予以系統整理，對於進一步了解戰國南地祖先崇拜習俗及當時楚人的鬼神觀，會有很大的幫助。經過我們的整理，卜筮簡所見人神部份分爲三楚先、歷代先王及氏族始祖並五世先祖與親戚；人鬼則包括夭不壯死者、無罪而死之不辜、戰死之兵死者、慘死之人害、溺死之人、無後嗣之絕無後者、暫棲木主之無主暫木位。而楚國巫鬼崇拜亦有四突出特點：第一、遍設鬼祠；第二、尊崇厲鬼；第三、隆祀國殤；第四、禱求先祖。

關鍵字

祖先崇拜 ； 鬼魂 ； 民間信仰

並列摘要

There are lots of recordings in Chu bamboo about praying to dead men: ancestors and dead ones by accidents. Those information are important to Chu ancestral apotheosis. Ancestors mean three premier Chu ancestors, every king of Chu and earlier five generations ancestors. Dead ones by accidents mean dying young guys, wronged condemned ghosts, men who dead by battles, men who dead by violence, men were drowned, men who dead without offspring and ghosts who no one offer sacrifices too. In addition, There are four characteristics of Chu ancestral apotheosis: building lots of ancestral shrines, having great esteem for ghosts who cause troubles to people or dead for country, praying to ancestors.

並列關鍵字

Ancestral Apotheosis ； Ghosts ； Spirits ； Folk Faith