以區域經濟觀點探討澎湖縣之產業發展與人口就業－兼論基礎產業之競爭策略

A Study on Industrial Development, Population and Employment in Penghu County-and Competitive Strategy of the Basic Industry

鄧瑞兆(Ruey-Jaw Teng) ； 李思蓉(Szu-Jung Lee)

《服務業管理評論》 9期 (2011/12) Pp. 133-168

https://doi.org/10.29858/SIMR.201112.0006

摘要

近來台灣經濟產業部門受到國際化、自由化的趨勢，但由於澎湖縣產業活動分佈不均，再加上人口外移、城鄉發展不均衡，澎湖縣的基礎產業發展也備受討論，亦顯示澎湖縣未來的發展值得探討。此外，澎湖縣具備豐富的漁場和觀光資源，但受限於天候的限制、聯外交通系統無法有效的整合、及缺乏整體配套措施等種種因素，當地產業未能充分發展，無法創造足夠的就業機會，造成人口外流與老化現象日趨嚴重。若能改善此一現象，加上行政院於2003年元月13日正式核定允許國際旅客、本地旅客由澎湖機場包機進出，澎湖縣正式成為國際航點與2011年3月經濟部正式推動澎湖縣為低碳島計畫之示範區，要讓全島半數以上的能源供應充分利用再生能源，積極打造澎湖縣成為國際低碳島嶼。再加上中國大陸開放自由行，澎湖縣觀光發展研究會自2002年迄今持續出版首本能長期性使用的「澎湖觀光護照」，讓中國大陸遊客自福建省或自台灣本島任何一縣市自行參加，大幅突破傳統的行銷方式，創造了無限的商機。因此本研究擬針對澎湖縣的產業發展與人口就業並兼論基礎產業之競爭策略進行分析與研究，以提供相關建議給予業者及政府單位作為參考。綜合上述，本研究選出澎湖縣為區域範圍，並配合歷年實際資料，利用區位商數法（location quotient，LQ）分析澎湖縣之產業結構，將產業劃分為基礎產業（basic industry）與非基礎產業（non-basic industry），並以計量經濟之研究方法加以分析人口與就業之相關乘數效果（multiplier effect），以探討澎湖縣產業結構之發展。在澎湖縣基礎產業部份將以SWOT 分析及TOWS 策略矩陣分析探討基礎產業之產業現況及競爭策略，以探討澎湖縣的目前基礎產業狀況與建議未來發展策略。本研究結果如下：（1）在澎湖縣中農林漁牧業與觀光業為基礎產業，其次發現運輸倉儲及通信業與營造業有後起追上的趨勢。（2）藉由競爭策略分析出澎湖縣得天獨厚的地理環境優勢與機會，並透過策略聯盟與產學合作可創造雙贏局面。由研究結果發現到，利用經濟基礎分析法與競爭策略分析雙重剖析下，對於澎湖縣基礎產業未來發展可以創造更高的附加價值。

關鍵字

離島地區 ； 澎湖縣 ； 區位商數 ； 基礎產業 ； 相關乘數

並列摘要

Recently, Taiwan economic industry sector trends in internationalization and liberalization, but because of the Penghu County industrial distribution is uneven and outward movement of the population, urban and rural development is not balanced, Penghu County industrial development is the basis of discussion also discussion on the future development of Penghu County. In addition, the Penghu County has rich fishing grounds and tourist resources, but, subject to weather restrictions, the traffic system cannot be effectively integrated, and various factors such as lack of whole open method, inadequate development of local industries, unable to create sufficient employment opportunities, cause a brain drain and ageing of the population is growing. If we can improve this phenomenon, together with the Executive Yuan was formally approved in 2003 13th allowed international passengers and local residents from Penghu Charter flights in and out of the airport, Penghu County officially became the international routes and in March this year the economy officially promote Penghu County for low carbon plan demonstration area of the island, to involve the entire energy supply more than half of the island to make full use of renewable energy resources, actively create the Penghu County became international low-carbon island. Therefore this study intended for Penghu County industrial development and employment of the population and also on the basis of competition policy analysis and research of the industry, to provide relevant offer to industry and Government agencies for reference.Comprehensive above, this research elected Penghu County for regional range, and tie over actual data, using location quotient method (location quotient, LQ) analysis Penghu County of industry structure, will industry Division for Foundation industry (basic industry) and non-Foundation industry (non-basic industry), and to measurement economic of research method be analysis population and employment of related multiplier effect (multiplier effect), to discussion Penghu County industry structure of development. Industrial parts to the Penghu County basis and TOWS analysis and discussion of strategy matrix based on SWOT analysis industry situation and competitive strategies of the industry, to explore the current status of basic industry and recommendations of the Penghu County's future development strategy.Results of this research are as follows: (1) In Penghu County is based on farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries and tourism industries, secondly found after transport storage and communications sector and construction industry catch up with the trends. (2) Through competition policy analysis of the Penghu County unique geographical advantages and opportunities and through strategic alliances with industry-university cooperation can create win-win situation. By the research turned out to, the use of economic base analysis method and analysis of competition strategy under the dual analysis of, basis for Penghu County industrial development can create a higher degree of added value.

並列關鍵字

Region Insular ； Penghu County ； Location Quotient ； Basic Industry ； Multiplier Effect