台灣現行建築物地震保險比較研究

A Study of Taiwan Earthquake Insurance of Building Structures

張景鐘(Jing-Jong Jang) ； 丁文珊(Wen-Shan Ting)

《中華建築技術學刊》 3卷1期 (2006/06) Pp. 77-94

https://doi.org/10.30021/JBCT.200606.0005

摘要

台灣地處於亞熱帶、大陸板塊交界處，近年來多次的地震侵襲著台灣，在1999年集集大地震之後，要如何降低地震所造成的影響成為十分重要的課題，有部分先進國家在面對天然災害時以保險的方式來保障人民的財產安全，以減低政府在財政上的負擔。在經過地震後調查，發現台灣有許多的建築物經不起地震的襲擊，嚴重的倒塌或傾斜不能夠再居住，而倒塌的建築物大多為根據早期規範所建造的。台灣政府為了減輕地震發生而造成財物損失，於2002年正式將地震保險強制附加於住宅火災保險，開始實施住宅火災及地震基本保險，新建築物一律使用新制，舊建築物可採自行加保的策略。但是與其他先進國家的地震保險相比較，台灣地震保險制度仍有很多部分需要改進。本文主要是探討台灣地震保險制度，並參考美國加州、日本、紐西蘭等這些地震保險制度較先進的國家，比較地震保險制度的差異，希望能擷取各國優點和經驗並探討國內可行的政策，以建立一個更完善的地震保險制度。

關鍵字

地震 ； 地震保險 ； 風險評估

並列摘要

Taiwan is located in the pacific seismic zone with many severe earthquakes striking during recent years. Since 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, how to reduce the loss resulted from earthquake disaster has become an important issue. In order to reduce the damage loss and the financial burden of government, some countries have required the public to have earthquake insurance arrangement. In Taiwan, the investigation of earthquake found that a lot of buildings were collapsed or askew after earthquake. The government therefore also requires the earthquake insurance as well as fire insurance for new residential house from 2002. However, the old buildings were exempted from this stipulation. By comparing the earthquake insurance system in Taiwan with that in the other advanced countries, it is found that there still is room for improvement in Taiwan's system. This research thus first compares the earthquake insurance in Taiwan, California, Japan, and New Zealand. Then, the differences between these insurance scheme and premium systems are studied. We wish to present a better and more feasible policy to benefit Taiwan's future earthquake insurance system.

並列關鍵字

Earthquake ； Earthquake Insurance ； Risk Assessment