清水混凝土施工技術之研究

The Research on Construction Technology in Fair-Faced Concrete

劉奕增(I-Tsen Liu) ； 鄭紹材(Shao-Tsai Cheng)

《中華建築技術學刊》 8卷1期 (2011/06) Pp. 9-20

https://doi.org/10.30021/JBCT.201106.0002

摘要

清水混凝土，就是以表面平整細緻的模板組立結構物，並在拆模後混凝土表面不再做任何外在裝飾、粉刷、油漆或貼瓷磚，完成的表面平整特清細膩、無明顯氣泡。清水混凝土也是一種使用最少能源及製造最少廢棄物的建築物，拆模後就是完成面，外表沒有多餘的裝飾，簡言之就是生態、節能、減廢、健康的建築物。它同時也是一個精細的美學工藝，要達到此品質要求，關鍵在於模板以及混凝土的施工技術，在台灣目前雖然有愈來愈多的建築結構採用清水混凝土的形式施工，但其施工外觀與細部表現手法皆存在著某些差異性，完成的作品離清水混凝土建築的風格有一段差距，尚有甚多改善的空間。本文依據清水混凝土施工澆注方式，擬定實驗方法製作試驗模型牆，澆注混凝土驗證，並以消除清水混凝土表面氣泡為研究重點，經研究者驗證結果以震動疏氣機做第二次局部的搗實修飾能減少清水混凝土表面大孔徑氣泡，有效防止拆模後之表面凹洞，提昇清水混凝土表面之平整度，呈現清水混凝土特有的質感。

關鍵字

清水混凝土 ； 施工技術 ； 氣泡

並列摘要

Fair-faced Concrete, applied to a board mold structure with smooth and delicate surface, requires no external decoration such as painting, tiling after the removal of the formworks and create an extremely neat, big air voibs free concrete surface. The buildings built with the fair-faced concrete not only produce minimum waste but also consume the least energy. They need not to be excessively garnished or worked on its exterior once completed. In brief, a building like this is acting as an ecological, energy -saving and waste- reducing architecture. From the aspect of aesthetics, it's also a presentation of fine arts.To meet the required quality standards, it is necessary to look into the techniques of processing concrete and working with mold. In Taiwan, there is an increasing number of construction buildings depending on the concrete. However, the differences between the authentic ones and latter ones still exist when it comes to constr fair-faced uction techniques and exterior minor presentation. More improvements are expected to be made.The highlights of this research include: Simulating a plan from which a mold wall was created based on how the concrete irrigation (pouring) were conducted, verifying the pouring concrete, and getting rid of exterior bubbles. The results show that bubbles in large diameter are removed in the wake of second partially tamping with ”vibrating engine” and pits are effectively prevented from forming after removing the formworks. Also, the smoothness on the concrete surface is ideally upgraded and hence an unique texture belonged to fair-faced concrete is presented.

並列關鍵字

Fair-faced ； Construction technique ； Air voids