從權力面向探究全球氣候變遷治理困境與契機

氣候變遷成為近十年來國際社會關切的環境議題，以低碳發展為核心的社會革命反映在氣候危機與能源的安全挑戰下，國家始面臨個別國家利益以及全球共同利益之決策困境。在無政府狀態（anarchy）的國際社會中，國家雖扮演主要行為者角色；礙於國際間缺乏超國家組織強制國家遵從國際制度，因此國家合作過程中難以解決的集體行動問題、搭便車現象、共同避免困境等，均影響環境治理之成效。全球環境達到良善治理通常被視為國家或非國家行為體以機制化協調或合作來獲得正合而非零合的結果，然而國際機制協調的治理趨勢往往忽略或降低了權力（power）的面向，權力於全球氣候變遷機制運作過程中，可能呈現多重或次序性的運作方式，甚至跳脫以國家為主要的、傳統的行使權力角色。由於治理含有強制性問題、制度性的偏差、特權以及不公平限制行動，因此，研究治理過程中權力運作的多重面向可幫助吾人理解國際合作困境，進而探究合作之契機。

關鍵字

權力；氣候變遷；全球環境治理；國際機制

並列摘要

Since global warming is the critical issue in international society, low-carbon development as the core of the social revolution becomes the security challenges of climate and energy crisis. Countries are facing the paradox of the individual interest and the global public interest. Despite the fact that states play the main role in international anarchy society, it is obstructed by the lack of supra-nation organization to force the nation to obey an international regime. It is not only difficult to solve collective action problem, free rider problem and dilemma of common aversion but also effects governance efficacy. The state or non-state actor gains good outcome with systematic collaboration or cooperation. However, the trend of the regime of international systematic collaboration has usually ignored or weakened the power. During the practice process of global climate change regime, power may be represented in multiple or sequent operational ways, even out of the role taking the nation as the main and traditional role to exercise the power. Because the regime has problems like compulsion, deviation, privilege of regime and unfair action restrictions, to study government paradigms among international regime diplomacy could help us understanding the perspective and paradox of international cooperation, and to pursue further opportunity.

並列關鍵字

power ； climate change ； global environmental governance ； international regime

國際替代計量

從權力面向探究全球氣候變遷治理困境與契機

全文下載

主題瀏覽