從滑液關節到仿生磨潤工程技術

From Synovial Joints to Biomimetic Tribological Engineering

方治國(Chih-Kuo Fang)

《國立宜蘭大學工程學刊》 9期 (2013/12) Pp. 1-25

https://doi.org/10.6176/BCE.2013.09.11

摘要

在大自然生物中，常可看到許多能量效率高、設計精緻、及材料使用最佳化的實例。因此，在人造系統中模仿大自然已是由來已久的觀念－此即所謂「生物模擬」。在科學與工程文獻上，通常使用「仿生學」一詞指探討生物法則並將其應用於人類所設計之物品上。仿生學在工程上已成功地應用在材料工程、力學、及機器人學等領域。人類關節是一種完美的軸承，透過「滑液」潤滑，能運作相當長的時間而不失效。本文探討滑液關節之運動機構以及滑液與關節軟骨之成分、結構、與磨潤特性，著重於思考仿生學在工程磨潤學之應用，包含工程系統之摩擦、磨耗、與潤滑，及將相關生物系統技術轉換至工程磨潤應用之潛力。

關鍵字

仿生學 ； 磨潤學 ； 摩擦 ； 磨耗 ； 潤滑 ； 滑液關節

並列摘要

Numerous examples of systems in the creatures show energy efficiency, elegance in their design and optimum use of materials. Imitating nature in man-made systems is thus an ancient concept named ＂biomimicry.＂ The term ＂biomimetics＂ is often used in scientific and engineering literature to denote the investigating and applying biological principles to human product designs. Successes of biomimetics in engineering have been documented in the diverse fields of materials engineering, mechanics, robotics, and many more. Joints in the human body are perfect bearings. They can operate for a very long time without failures. In this paper, the motion mechanism of synovial joints, and the contents, structures, and tribological characteristics of synovial fluid and joint cartilage are investigated. They are focused on the applications of biomimetics to engineering tribology, which involves the study of friction, wear, and lubrication in engineering systems. The potential for transferring technologies from biotribology systems into engineering tribological applications is studied as well.

並列關鍵字

Biomimetics ； Tribology ； Friction ； Wear ； Lubrication ； Synovial Joint