Food Metaphors in Taiwan Hakka

本文藉由探討客家食物諺語，發掘隱喻現象及文化意涵。年輕一代的客家人，可從食物的隱喻現象，更容易學習客家諺語並了解自己的文化。本研究取材於客家諺語的書籍和字典，筆者以概念合成理論（Fauconnier & Turner, 2002）為理論基礎，目的在探討：（1）.客語中的食物隱喻現象；（2）.食物代表的隱喻意涵；（3）.隱喻背後客家人認知與文化的呈現。研究結果顯示食物在諺語中，可以映照到以下的目標域：「生活」、「個性」、及「人際關係」；最常見的目標域則是外觀和個性。某些食物會映照到特定的目標域，像豆腐大多用來指「人際關係」。再者，從諺語的食物隱喻可了解到客家人的思想模式。總之，食物諺語不但顯現客家文化的特性，也將善良、勤奮與合群的客家傳統觀念傳承給下一代。

關鍵字

客家諺語；食物隱喻；概念合成理論；客家文化

並列摘要

This study investigated food metaphors in Hakka idioms to better understand metaphorical expressions and subsequent cultural implications, with the ultimate goal of facilitating Hakka language learning. Data were mainly collected from Hakka idiom books and dictionaries. Conceptual Blending Theory (Fauconnier & Turner, 2002) is the theoretical background used in this study. We aim to explore: (1) the metaphorical expressions of FOOD in Hakka; (2) the metaphorical categorizations of FOOD; and (3) Hakka people's cognitive and cultural perceptions behind food metaphors. Results show that, firstly, FOOD in Hakka maps onto several target domains: LIFE, PERSONALITY, and HUMAN RELATION. In addition, certain Hakka thought processes are visible in their idioms and suggests that Hakkas pay much attention to interpersonal relations. In sum, food idioms in Hakka reveal not only culture-specific attributes but also traditional Hakka thinking and behavior that fulfill the purpose of persuading and encouraging younger generations to be kind, industrious, and sociable.

並列關鍵字

Hakka idiom ； food metaphor ； Conceptual Blending Theory ； Hakka Culture

參考文獻

Ahrens, K.(2002).When Love is not Digested: Underlying Reasons for Source to Target Domain Pairings in the Contemporary Theory of Metaphor.Proceedings of the First Cognitive Linguistics Conference.(Proceedings of the First Cognitive Linguistics Conference).: