以系統性文獻回顧探討女性裁判執法現況與持續參與動機

性別平權是近年來運動領域非常關注的議題，但性別差異所產生的問題仍存在於不同的運動場域中，特別是與裁判有關之性別議題似乎較仍不受重視。基於此，本研究透過系統性文獻回顧，主要目的在探討女性裁判執法現況與持續參與動機之相關研究。研究使用文獻資料庫包含PubMed、Google Scholar，以及中文文獻資料庫CEPS中文電子期刊，搜尋2013年至2023年間出版之論文，以female referee、gender difference、gender stereotypes、experiences、女性裁判、性別差異、性別刻板印象、裁判經歷等等關鍵詞進行搜尋，經資料檢視後共獲得10篇論文進行後續統整分析。分析結果發現，所搜尋到的10篇研究以足球、籃球和排球為主要運動項目，其中與女性裁判相關之文獻多以質性方式進行探討，較少有量化研究。女性裁判在職業發展方面仍然面臨著許多挑戰，例如性別歧視、差別待遇和被社會網絡邊緣化等問題。儘管遭遇這些問題，女性裁判仍持續投入執法主要是源自於內在動機，例如自我實現、打破性別刻板印象框架、代表國家參加國際賽事的榮譽感等。最後本研究也提供相關建議，期望能喚起對於女性裁判職場環境議題之重視與提升，包括獲得更多自我實現的機會、更多培訓和支持、建立良好的社會網絡互動等。

關鍵字

性別差異；性別刻板印象；社會網絡；執法環境

並列摘要

Gender equality has been a matter of concern in the field of sports in recent years. However, problems arising from gender differences still persist in various sporting domains, particularly in relation to the role of referees, where gender issues appear to be overlooked. Based on this, this study aimed to explore the current status of female referees and their motivations for sustained participation through a systematic literature review. The literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Chinese Electronic Periodical Services (CEPS). The search included papers published between 2013 and 2023, using keywords such as "female referee," "gender difference," "gender stereotypes," and "experiences." After screening the retrieved articles, a total of 10 papers were selected for further analysis. The selected studies primarily focused on football, basketball, and volleyball. The literature related to female referees mainly uses qualitative research methods and seldom uses quantitative research methods. The results of the study indicated that women referees still face many challenges in terms of professional development, such as gender discrimination, differential treatment, and social marginalization. Despite these challenges, female referees continue to be motivated to engage in refereeing primarily due to internal factors such as self-actualization, challenging gender stereotypes, and the honor of representing their country in international competitions. Finally, recommendations are provided to create a better professional environment for female referees in the future, including giving more opportunities for self-actualization, increased training and support, and fostering positive social networking interactions.

並列關鍵字

gender difference ； gender stereotypes ； social network ； professional environment

參考文獻

林彥廷 (2008)。我國大專男子籃球選手不同比賽位置之體能現況與差異。運動教練科學，12，23-30。

陳明坤、林文郎 (2005)。性別與運動的關係之探討。國立臺灣體育學院體育學系系刊，5，105-113。

陳信全、楊裕隆、蔡秀華 (2022)。臺灣女性足球裁判執法動機研究。臺大體育學報，43，41-51。

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